Vol. 33 No. 3 (2018)

Issues related to the future development of the Russian Federation and world civilization, the solutions of which are on the agenda today, are raised and discussed. Global universal and local national values of the modern world, developed and developing countries, do not meet the prospects of the developing world community, which creates social contradictions and risks of peaceful coexistence. On the basis of socio-political analysis of the state and functioning of the world civilization, the existing processes and trends that are generated by it, the authors propose a developed model that demonstrates the evolutionary development of world civilization. This model suggests alternative options for future development, the choice of which depends on the future of the planet Earth. The author's choice is based on the principle of civil unity of the human community, which has common value preferences; desire and life motivation to enter the peaceful path of development

In his article «The Wisdom of the Constitution of Switzerland as a Lawful and Expedient State» the author by means of thorough survey and examination of spiritual, moral and legal bases of the Fundamental Law of the Swiss people reveals deep wisdom of its fathers-founders and composers, which acted in the spirit of honoring of the Almighty God the Creator and His Creation, with respect to God-Given Dignity of a Human, to his constitutional rights and freedoms, as necessary prerequisites for developing responsible style of a daily life, creative activity for the sake of God and for the benefits of himself, his own family and people, as well as for other nations of the world. Special attention is paid to the constitutionally established system of mutual responsibility of different branches of public power, which are elected by people on certain terms, to the responsibility between the public authorities and the people, to the responsibility and removability of the legislative, executive and judicial power before Swiss citizens-voters, for whom they are officially obliged to serve faithfully, diligently, as well as duly, honesty and feasibly take care of their safety and well-being.

The article deals with the main aspects of power vertical transformation under the influence of gender factors. The analysis of the historical stages of gender formation of the political elite, as well as the problems of modern power relations from the point of gender inequality

The article attempts to reconstruct socio-cultural characteristics and the line of political behavior of representatives of the party-Soviet elite in the years of NEP on the basis of the analysis of modern literature and statistical data. Illustrates the heterogeneity of the Bolshevik elite in 1922 -1928, respectively; traced the emergence of two major factions within the members of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). The formation in the ruling elite (including the Politburo) of a group of convinced supporters of the NEP, who managed to maintain the course of the new economic policy until November (1928), testifies to the potential of an alternative version of the country's modernization on the pathways of a multicultural economy

Purpose. Investigate the role of participation of representatives of the profession "accountant" in the management of a modern organization and offer options for unifying the applied management accounting tools.Methods. The analysis of methodological possibilities of management accounting allowed to propose directions for unification of management accounting methods in Russia at the stage of training professional personnel in the field of economics and at the stage of using its results in applied activities.Results. The conclusion on the expediency of development at the legislative level of two regulations on management accounting is substantiated: firstly, the professional standard of the accountant in the field of management accounting for use in university education by analogy with the professional standard "Accountant"; second, the methodological recommendations on management accounting for typification terminology and universal tools of management accounting in the field of business management. Scientific novelty. The proposed directions of unification with respect to methods of management accounting will make it possible to exclude multidirectional ideas about the completeness of the educational process in the training of professional personnel and provide business with a possible set of applied tools in the field of management accounting.

Purpose. Based on the analysis of legislative novels related to raising the retirement age of municipal employees and increasing the minimum length of service for the municipal service, giving the right to designate a pension for length of service and determining its size, identify the risks of motivating municipal employees and propose a set of measures to block them. Methods. System analysis, general scientific methods. Results. Based on the analysis of the consequences of legislative novellas regarding the specifics of the passage of the municipal service, the risks of reducing the motivation of employees were identified and assessed, and a set of measures aimed at increasing the level of their motivation was proposed. Scientific novelty lies in the research evaluation of the risks of reducing the motivation of municipal employees, the factors of their reproduction, the proposal of a set of measures aimed at increasing the motivation of employees. The article will be useful to the leaders and specialists of municipal authorities, theorists and practitioners of the municipal service.

Purpose. In article the authors tries analyses modern of the problems and measure participation of the big business in international trade Russia and Ural regions. Methods. To study algorithms of construction optimal model of the mechanism management of foreign economic activity in the country and the Ural regions and optimization of systems management they in specific condition development old-industrial regions of the Urals. Result and scope. The analysis of theoretical works by domestic and foreign scientists, us results of the development international trade in old industrial regions, with their biggest park of old industrial equipment, study common and specific line of development management international trade in regions. The result of analysis may be utilization by elaboration region programs of strategic development regions of Russia and optimization structural management international trade in this territories. Scientific novelty. Consist in research specific line by diversification development structural management international trade in different territories of the Russia, especially old-industrial region of the Urals, with use modern model of management international trade in regions of the Russia.

The purpose of the publication: the study of factors that determine the state of the labor market in, and the role of small business in its formation. Methods: an analysis of factors affecting the labor market in the Russian Federationand a dynamic analysis of statistical data on the participation of small businesses in its formation. Results. The authors assess the impact of small businesses on the employment of the country's population and conclude that modern non-standard forms of employment, such as self-employment, become most adequate in the post-industrial economy. However, supporting small business as a basis for increasing the self-employment of the population is fragmented and poorly coordinated. Scientific novelty: The scientific novelty consists in determining the direct correlation between the growth of precarious employment in Russia and the world and the development of small business in the country, as well as in the proposal for a single government institution responsible for the analysis and assessment of small business development, its impact on the labor market and the formation of its state support.

Purpose. Studying the marketing potential of the region and formulating the prerequisites for the formation of the marketing potential of the region on the example of the Sverdlovsk region. Methods. Approaches to assessing the overall potential of the region are analyzed, as well as a detailed analysis of the territory using a marketing method SWOT analysis, which identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the region, as well as opportunities and threats. The structure of the gross regional product of the region is analyzed, the evaluation of the attractiveness of the territory for investors is more detailed. Results. The priority directions of the development of the territory are also disclosed, as well as the importance of maintaining the ecology of the Sverdlovsk region. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of developing competitive industries in the region. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the study of marketing potential as an integral function that unites the resources and capabilities of the subjects of the territory to determine the direction of development.

Purpose. Development and implementation of effective communication channels to attract citizens to participate in the competition of participatory budgeting projects is the aim of this paper. Methods. The concept of participatory budgeting, the “diffusion of innovations” communication model and the RACE system of planning and evaluation of PR programs are used as the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. In addition, such special methods as case study, analysis of statistical data, normative method were used in the paper. Results. A management decision which consisted in the development and testing of several communication channels was proposed to attract citizens to participate in the competition of participatory budgeting projects. The Internet site “Perm Krai. Participatory Budgeting” (иницативный-бюджет.рф) was created. In addition, such forms as training seminars for citizens and municipal employees, an educational program in the “Brainoom” distance-learning system, support of the citizens' assemblies, consultations by phone and e-mail were tested. Scientific novelty. Development and successful implementation of the model of attracting an educational organization for information support of the competition of participatory budgeting projects in Perm Krai is the scientific novelty of this research.

Purpose: to substantiate the organizational and economic model of the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Bashkortostan with the allocation of specific strategic directions and economically-based measures in these areas in the context of municipal districts and agricultural enterprises. Methods: 1. Settlement-constructive. It is used to characterize modern phenomena and processes that determine the level of agricultural production in the country, as well as to identify the force of the established laws between them and the development of science-based directions of agricultural development in the future; 2. Scenario method. It is based on the development of scenarios for the development of agricultural production, covering all possible options for the implementation of internal potential and the impact of external conditions that may arise in the implementation of the Strategic plan for the development of agriculture of the Republic of Bashkortostan until 2020. Results: the assessment of the current state and identification of the main trends (trends) in the development of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the context of the main sectors; the priority strategic directions of development of agro-industrial complex of the Republic taking into account the Strategic plan of development of agriculture of the Republic of Bashkortostan until 2020; a comparative analysis of ways of development of agro-industrial complex of regions-leaders of the Russian Federation with the identification of successful practices and promising sources of production growth; the estimation of the potential growth of production volumes for enterprises in the context of strategic directions of development of agriculture in the inertia,extensive, intensive and extensive-intensive development scenarios; developed models of development of agriculture, taking into account possible scenarios of priority areas. Scientific novelty is that the analysis allows to use recommendations for strategic management of enterprises, which will increase the volume of production, find new suppliers of raw materials and sales channels, to resist the threats of the environment.

Purpose. Study of the problems of the third sector of the Sverdlovsk region. Methods. Sociological approach (traditional structured interview) was used. The comparative method is used. Results. The problems hindering the development of the third sector in the Sverdlovsk region were highlighted. The study concludes that the problems faced WITH regional NGOs, have their own specifics that distinguish them from most other subjects of the Russian Federation. This is due to the fact that The middle Urals is a region with a well-developed third sector. Scientific novelty. The necessity to pay maximum attention to these problems when developing the Strategy of civil society development in the Sverdlovsk region is substantiated.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the influence of various factors on the formation of readiness among population groups to receive state and municipal services in electronic form. Authors divide the recipients of services into several groups depending on the frequency of circulation for state and municipal services, classify the factors of the formation of readiness for receiving services in electronic form and analyze the degree of influence of factors on the willingness of the allocated groups to receive services in electronic form. Methods. The authors used the following research methods: comparative legal analysis, synthesis, modeling. Results and scientific novelty. Based on the research carried out by the authors, new data have been obtained that describe the influence of various social attitudes on different categories of recipients of state and municipal services. The authors of the article come to a conclusion about the advisability of developing mechanisms for providing in electronic form, first, those state and municipal services, to which the applicants apply most often.

Purpose: to consider the axiological problems of the professional training of future managers of public administration in the competently oriented educational process of an administrative higher educational institution. Methods: The work is based on the sociological and cultural discovery and consideration of problems related to the destabilization of the axiological standards of professional training of future managers of public administration. Methods of theoretical research were used, including interdisciplinary analysis and synthesis of information from philosophical, sociological, and pedagogical literature; empirical methods: studying the experience of the organization of the educational process, questioning, analysis interview. Results and scientific novelty: analyzed the current state of the culture of public administration. The research positions on the stated problems are presented. The causes of destabilization of axiological standards of professional training of future managers of public administration are established. It is concluded that the discrepancy between the culture of public administration and the manager's competence requires changing the parameters of their professional training, which is possible on the basis of mutually complementary competence and culturological approaches.

Purpose. The analysis of actual problems of patriotic education of Russian student youth. Methods. The authors carry out a sociological study concerning the attitude of students of Ukhta state technical University to the issues of patriotism as a value and various aspects of patriotic education. Results and scientific novelty. The article studies and reveals the role and importance of Patriotic education in our society. In the centuries-old history of the Russia patriotism has always acted and should be the basis of the system of values of its citizens, regardless of the prevailing culturally conditioned type of patriotism. At present, the problems of Patriotic education in Russia come from the objective impossibility of unambiguous interpretation of the concept of «patriotism». Nevertheless, now it is patriotism that forms the basis of the integration of the new society, and the process of Patriotic upbringing acquires uniformity through state normative documents. The generation of young Russians demonstrates the predominance of patriotism of the state type, peaceful moods and interest in the activities of Patriotic organizations. The authors conclude that young people should play the most active role in overcoming the crisis of patriotic education by reviving a culture of conscious patriotism. This is possible only with the consolidation of the activities of state institutions, the institution of the family, the Russian education system and the media.

Subject: modern theory and practice of knowledge management. Purpose: to identify the features of knowledge management in the general education system, differentiating them from traditional approaches in management. Results: It was revealed that the management models of knowledge management can be adapted to work in the system of Russian general education, taking into account its features. It is recommended to keep the sequence of interrelated processes: training; reception (fixation) and transfer of knowledge, their application in professional activities. At the same time, filtration and transformation of incoming information of knowledge proper is achieved, eliminating the haphazard accumulation of information. The adapted model will focus not on "knowledge in general", but only applicable to the solution of a specific pedagogical situation. The field of application of the results is the system of the Russian general education, where it is necessary to form a culture of generation and exchange of knowledge in each educational organization, including self-education as part of the continuous training of pedagogical workers, the presence of a corporate culture promoting this. Conclusion: the modern theory of knowledge management, having originated in the general management theory, has a pronounced specificity in the field of education, where, however, unlike the well-known theory of management of classical incentives, it is much more difficult to form the need for new forms and methods of teaching, the introduction of new forms and methods of teaching. Knowledge management elements are widely used by teachers and heads of secondary education institutions, however, knowledge management systems in the national general education are implemented extremely poorly, for reasons of a more subjective nature, a conservative corporate and organizational culture is interfering, which, however, does not exclude the adaptation stated in the article approaches.

Purpose. The article refers to one of the topical management problems expert forecasting of the prospects for the development of interaction between enterprises and universities in the macroregion (UFD). Methods. Methods of expert interviews were used. The experts were the management of the leading enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region, located in five administrative districts (N = 124). Results and scientific novelty. The materials of the empirical study show possible changes in the role of higher education institutions in the innovative development of the Ural region, the forecast of the types and forms of integrative processes between universities and enterprises for the nearest (3-5 years) and distant (10-15 years) perspective. The conclusions and recommendations on the formation of regional policy obtained during the research can be extended to other industrial regions of the Russian Federation. Scientific novelty. The novelty of the research approach is the analysis of current trends, forms and directions of interaction between universities and regional enterprises, structural differences in the established practices of their cooperation, a critical assessment of the outlook for prospects and the conditions for its effective development.

Purpose. The purpose of this research was to discover factors currently impeding efficient interdepartmental cooperation between rehabilitation organizations which provide support for people with disabilities and ensure continuity in service for disabled people, including disabled children. Methods. The experience of participation of the Sverdlovsk region as a site of the «Pilot Project» on the formation of an integrated system of rehabilitation and habilitation for disabled people has been studied. The situation with the solution of issues of complex rehabilitation program for people with disabilities in the framework of the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is analyzed. Heads of various organizations (medical, social, rehabilitation) and ministries of the Sverdlovsk region, who acted as subjects of the rehabilitation process (n = 62), participated in the sociological survey conducted by the Center of Social Technologies «Optima» (Yekaterinburg, 2017) using expert interviews and focus group discussions. Results and scope. Three groups of factors were identified that prevented the most issues of interagency cooperation in the complex rehabilitation of disabled people: information, organizational and personnel problems. The necessity of changing the regulatory framework, introducing a unified information system and mechanisms for monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitation is shown. The issue of personnel provision of interdepartmental communications is especially acute. Options for improving the effectiveness of interagency cooperation proposed by the expert community are highlighted. The necessity of transition from the "medical" model of rehabilitation to the priority of social and professional rehabilitation is substantiated. Scientific novelty. Problem zones are revealed, which subjects involved in real practices of complex rehabilitation are regarded as barriers to effective interdepartmental communication. The internal inconsistency of a number of normative bases of the rehabilitation process (for example, an individual program of rehabilitation and habilitation IPRA).

Purpose. The study is aimed at the analysis of the assessment of the maturity of the implementation, operation and development of project management systems in business entities of the Russian Federation Methods. The main tools, methods and approaches to assessing the maturity of project-oriented and project-dependent organizations Results. Based on existing tools, methods and approaches to assessing the maturity of economic entities, based on scientifically based approaches and expert assessments, as well as their own conclusions, more effective ones were chosen for use in the conditions of functioning of domestic organizations Scientific novelty. The model of the characteristics of maturity levels has been adapted to effectively determine the readiness to implement and develop the project management system with a certain understanding of the goals, timeframes and resources. A method for evaluating the functioning of the project office in the implementation process, at each stage of development and in the process of functioning as an independent structural unit

Purpose: to present for the discussion the original categorical-conceptual apparatus and modern methods of research and improvement of the management of national security and its two private spheres. Methods: an interdisciplinary tool for system research and program-targeted management of all areas of security is proposed, based on the energy-entropy concept and classification of hazards and incorporating modern methods of natural and social sciences. Results: are adequate to the nature of things and the requirements of the formal logic of determining national, information-psychological and industrial environmental safety, the object and subject of management activity in these areas; it demonstrates the constructiveness of its research and improvement by methods of categorical thinking and cognitive modeling with the aim of forecasting and reducing the risk of dangerous phenomena Scientific novelty: the listed results differ from the corresponding publications in the given subject area, they were received deductively-axiomatically with the support of the initial assumptions, which are not contradictory either to the objective laws of nature or their manifestation in practice.

Purpose: to develop a system of reference dynamics of economic indicators characterizing the efficiency of production resources. The objectives are the following: ordering of economic indicators on the basis of the principle of intensive development of the enterprise and the dynamic subordination of indicators relative to each other; construction of the matrix graph of the reference dynamics of economic indicators; assessment of the degree of achievement of the reference dynamics. Methods. Evaluation of the efficiency of production resources is based on the calculation of growth indices of quantitative and qualitative indicators characterizing their use. The method of reference dynamics of economic indicators is used. To assess the degree of achievement of the reference dynamics used mathematical apparatus of matrix theory. The degree of achievement of the reference dynamics is expressed through a single integral indicator. Results. The proposed method of integrated assessment of the efficiency of production resources takes into account the system approach and allows to assess the economic efficiency of a commercial enterprise in dynamics, as well as to conduct inter-farm comparisons on this integral indicator. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty is the development of a system of integrated assessment of production resources of the enterprise, which takes into account the quantitative and qualitative indicators of fixed assets, labor and material resources, as well as financial results based on the method of reference dynamics of indicators. Staffing problems of the world merchant fleet at the modern stage.