Vol. 60 No. 5 (2019)

The purpose of this work is to analyze the main problems of interaction between the legislative and executive branches of government in the Russian Federation, their causes and solutions. It is emphasized that despite the importance of the principle of separation of powers as a system-forming principle for the functioning of the state in a democracy, the issue of their interaction is no less important. It is proved that not only the separation of the branches of state power, but also their systemic interaction, including such interaction, is a necessary condition for the development formation of modern democracy in Russia and effective public administration. Interdisciplinary, institutional and systemic approaches are used in determining the problems of interaction between the branches of government and ways to solve them. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the problems of interaction of the authorities is lying at the confluence of a number of scientific disciplines the theory of public administration, constitutional law, political science. It is also proved that the cooperation between the authorities based on the dominance of informal institutions such as habits, customs, traditions of political cooperation; without considering this the introduction of formal structures of legal and administrative nature does not increase the level of interaction of branches of government and its system in general. The thesis about interdependence and complementarity of formal and informal institutions (culture) providing system interaction of branches of the state power and as a consequence effective character of public administration is put forward and proved. A number of provisions of the article contain an element of scientific novelty. First, it is found that inconsistencies and gaps in the interaction of branches of power are caused mainly by the institutional framework of interaction, including weaknesses in the regulatory framework, as well as the cultural and institutional grounds of the performance of legal and administrative instruments of state power. Secondly, the thesis that the organization of interaction between the branches of state power, ensuring its systemic nature, will avoid the dysfunction of public administration, because of the problems of administrative, managerial and political order, and will also be a strategic basis for effective public administration.

The publication is devoted to the analysis of key factors of development and successful implementation of projects initiated by the staff of state (municipal) institutions of education, health, culture. Based on comparative analysis and examples of best practices of project implementation, the authors justify the requirements for the success of the project cycle and the effectiveness of their implementation in subordinate institutions. Purpose. Identification and evaluation of obstacles and success factors in the implementation of projects initiated by state (municipal) social institutions. Methods. The study is based: on the results of focus groups conducted in 2011-2018 among the heads of the institutions of health, education and culture of the Ural Federal District (Sverdlovsk, Tyumen regions, KhMAD-Yugra, YNAO) in the framework of the Federal program "Senior executives training in education, health and culture sectors" at venue of the Ural Institute of Management branch RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation; based on the proceedings of the foresight session, arranged by the higher school of public administration at RANEPA in February 2019; based on the results of an expert interview with the heads of the regional office (Sverdlovsk region) of project management. Results and practical significance. Trends in the development and implementation of pilot projects in the activities of state (municipal) institutions of the social sphere in the context of implementation of project management standards in public administration are revealed. The reasons that have a negative impact on the initiation, development and implementation of projects of state (municipal) institutions that provide socially significant services are formulated. The success implementation factors of pilot projects of social institutions as the basic components of ensuring their activities and development in order to increase the quality and availability of state (municipal) services for consumers are substantiated. Scientific novelty. Under the auspices of monitoring the implementation of the regional pilot projects in the social sphere the authors developed and tested an organizational and managerial mechanism for project management of subordinate agencies and defined problem areas and factors contributing to successful implementation and scaling projects in education, health, culture.

This article discusses the phenomenon of management culture of the head of a public administrative body and its impact on the effectiveness of management activities. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the definition of this concept is formulated and the classification of both types of management culture and various management styles is given. The importance of the role of the head in the organizational and managerial activities of a public administrative body is emphasized. The purpose of this article is to determine the features of the management culture of the head of a public administrative body, to identify its types, diagnostic signs that appear in the process of management interaction and factors that affect its development. Methods. To achieve this goal, the article used a competence-based scientific and methodological approach, methods of theoretical analysis and design of scientific and methodological definitions, system-activity structuring of diagnostic features of the process under study. As a result of this work, the author identified constructive and destructive types of management culture of the head of a state administrative body, diagnostic signs of their manifestation in the course of management interaction. As factors influencing the development of constructive types of management culture, the author considers value systems of the head, a level of his legal and regulatory culture, social and professional experience, social and professional competence. Appearance causes of such destructive management culture are determined. Scientific novelty. The definition “managerial culture of the head of a public administrative body” is given. The social experience structure of the manager is defined, the monoand semi-professional approach to the assessment of his professional experience is considered. The levels of professional competence of the head of a public administrative body are determined.

The article is devoted to the problem of destructive communicative behavior of Russian political figures, which has acquired a national scale in the last few years, as one of the factors of discrediting the government. In the context of total digitalization of the Russian public space, the communicative failures of certain officials instantly become public and undermine the trust of the country's citizens in the state power, contributing to the development of protest thinking. It seems that in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to analyze the main causes of conflict-prone communication behavior of politicians and consider possible ways to prevent communication failures. The analysis considered high-profile statements of political figures that caused negative responses in the Russian public space for the period from 2015 to 2019. The analysis shows that the greatest potential for conflict arises when political figures address socially significant topics. In the course of public speeches and statements on social media pages that affect social issues, politicians need to exercise the greatest caution and responsibility in choosing the means of speech to implement their communicative intentions. A high risk of communicative failure occurs when replacing the form of the answer to a direct question with the form of advice, as well as when referring to figurative comparisons. Manifestations of open speech aggression in public professional communication inevitably lead to a situation of communicative failure. All these forms of communication with a high degree of probability cause the effect of discrediting the government. In this regard, politicians, and especially civil servants, should avoid such forms of destructive communicative behavior in the performance of their professional duties.

Both in Russia and abroad, the main trend in improving the quality of public administration is its digital transformation. However, neither Russian nor international practice has developed common approaches to assessing the benefits of public administration digitalization for its key beneficiaries citizens. In the absence of such approaches, there are risks of overestimating the positive impact of digital technologies and insufficient consideration of the interests of citizens in the implementation of initiatives for public authorities’ digitalization. This article is intended to fill this gap. The article analyzes the indices of digitalization of public administration used in international practice. Proceeding from international approaches and Russian specifics, the key effects of the public administration digitalization for citizens are justified, including increasing the availability and quality of public and municipal services, ensuring the protection of legal rights and interests of citizens, minimizing the risks associated with digital transformation, increasing civic involvement in public administration, as well as reducing the time and financial costs associated with interaction with the state. To evaluate these effects, performance and efficiency indicators are proposed. The use of the system of indicators proposed in the article will allow for a comprehensive assessment of the benefits of public administration digitalization for citizens and will help to focus the implementation of the Federal project "Digital public administration" to achieve the final socially significant results.

Purpose: critical consideration of the technology of public finance management, which is the basis of budgeting; identification of problem issues in the research of methodological provisions and practical issues that affect the functioning of the budget system in the overall complex of strategic planning problems. Methodology and methods: based on the application of the dialectical method of cognition, the principles of the system approach and tools of general economic and specific scientific methods theoretical sources and empirical data were studied, legal documents pertaining to the reform of the budget system and the transition to the program budget were analyzed. The study was carried out by means of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the results are correlated with similar practice of public finance management in the Russian Federation. Results: considering the transformations of thy budget system the authors carried out a comparative analysis of the proposed measures and interventions that are strategically linked to ensure a comprehensive and effective system of governance, a balanced budget, efficient allocation of financial resources according to the established priorities, goals and objectives of fiscal policy. The reasons that make it difficult to manage state and municipal finances, through which there is a mobilization of financial resources, their redistribution and use to solve economic and social problems of society are identified. Practical applicability of technologies for result-oriented budgeting implementation, aimed at improving the efficiency of budgeting is studied. The evolution of principles, methods and tools used in financial activity is considered. The process of budget preparation and utilization of the budget system is researched. Practical aspects of budgeting and allocation of budget resources are analyzed. The scientific novelty of the paper consists in justification of a new approach to ensuring sustainable economic growth of donor and recipient regions, for the implementation of which it is recommended to change the methodology and practice of allocation of budget funds between economic entities both within and between levels of the budget system. The paper presents the conceptual basis for improving budget planning as one of the functional elements of financial management; the expediency of further studies of program budgeting in the context of updating the methodologies and using the proposed organizational and economic innovations in order to develop the basic provisions of financial science in the context of the digital economy.

Purpose. Analysis of factors that trigger tax risks and determination of acceptable tax risk parameters. Methods. The methodology of research work is based on a systematic approach and dialectical method of knowledge using methods of analysis and synthesis, a combination of logical and historical, functioning and development, induction and deduction. Results and practical significance. The article analyzes the tax risks that accompany the activities of an economic entity, and determines the factors of tax risk. Based on the publicly available criteria by which the tax authority selects objects for on-site inspection, the organization can systematically conduct an independent assessment based on the results of its financial and economic activities. The article defines the purpose of tax risk management as ensuring that the organization is located in the break-even zone, i.e. when financial results provide repayment of penalties that are not included in expenses in the event of a risk event. The practical significance of the work is to determine the degree of acceptability of tax risks. At the same time, due to risk assessment you can make decisions that allow you to form the conditions of economic activity of the organization, under which the planned financial results are achieved. Scientific novelty. The method of quantitative assessment of tax risks based on the scenario logical-probabilistic approach is proposed. Tax risks are assessed by the probabilities of appointment of an on-site tax audit and additional assessment of tax amounts and accrual of fines and penalties, based on the analysis of the probability vector of events occurrence related to non-compliance with the recommended tax authorities and public criteria. The probability of occurrence of a risk situation is determined by the nature of the offense and the official position of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and tax authorities, the established judicial practice, the low level of risk corresponds to the probability value-0.05, moderate-0.35, average-0.75, and high-0.95. Risk high level suggests that the tax code is violated; the position of the Finance Ministry and tax authorities and court practice on this issue is adverse, or the judicial practice is missing.

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to consider the concepts of modern Western scientists who analyze possible links between regional management and holistic management in the modern era of globalization. This goal is achieved by addressing two issues: (1) identifying possible links between regional governance practices and the overall framework for global governance; and (2) identifying specific existing links. Methods. This research is based on the conclusions of foreign authors, which were not introduced earlier into scientific circulation in our country. In writing this work, methods of macroeconomic, political science and sociological analysis are used, as well as a comparative approach. Results. The article deals with the main theoretical approaches of Western researchers of possible links between regional management paradigms and the general framework of global management. The typology of relations between regional and global governance is revealed, which include: 1) mismatch of aspirations and positions; 2) conflict; 3) cooperation; 4) harmony. The study offers three alternative explanations for understanding the relationship, depending on the nature of the problem area of regional and global governance, the role of leading states, and the importance of ideological and programmatic factors and the dissemination of the first key standards. Scientific novelty. The novelty and relevance of the work is determined by: 1) the need to get acquainted with the concepts of Western colleagues and opponents; 2) in modern conditions, the study of Western practice of solving management problems in countries with unstable economies will be useful for making important management decisions in the economy of our country. The paper touches upon the Latin American experience as an illustration of the relationship between regional and global governance as a comparative perspective for the countries with fragile and transitional economies.

Currently, there is a rapid development of project management. Various enterprises and organizations seeking to meet the needs of the customer and increase profits, improve not only the products, but also approaches to the conduct of the corporate project management system. The basic problem now is to identify key areas of development and the possibility of their practical application. As a scientific task, it is supposed to introduce the main indicators of the organizational structure development for quick response to the external environment, as well as to optimize the project management system. The article analyzes not only foreign theoretical research in the field of project management, as an indicator of the growth of the Manager's functions, but also the introduction of artificial intelligence designed to simulate multi-tasking situations, staff unloading and risk reduction in the management system. Based on these studies, the methodological problems of searching for key areas of project development in the machine-building complex, as well as their application as part of the research facility, are revealed. Results: the study resulted in ideas and suggestions on certain areas of development and modernization of the enterprise to improve the efficiency of the project manager. The scientific novelty is to consider the future of project management in organizations through the key elements of development and their subsequent evolution. As a conclusion, the ways of modernization of the project management system are proposed, the current state is evaluated, and the main aspects of solving the problem are identified. The synergistic effect of the implemented proposals will allow to improve project management at the enterprise, optimizing not only the possibility of training personnel, but also to develop the technological side of this system.

Subject/topic. The article discusses the problems and prospects of development of the institution of rehabilitation of credit organizations in the system of anti-crisis management of economic activities in the Russian Federation. Issues of banks financial recovery are extremely relevant: the main regulatory authority represented by the Bank of Russia permanently hold events to improve the mechanisms of rehabilitation, but, objectively, an effective mechanism for the rehabilitation of credit institutions is still not defined, there is a high involvement of the state in the management of the banking system. Purpose/tasks. The article analyzes the current rehabilitation mechanism and formulates a range of unresolved problems, as well as offers directions for the development of the rehabilitation mechanism in the system of anti-crisis management of the banking sector. Methodological base. The publication is based on the modern methodology of state regulation of the economy in the field of legal support of rehabilitation in the Russian Federation and the practical and applied aspect. In particular, the works by Andreyeva L. Yu., Andryushin S. A., Antipkina O. V., Vorobyova N. A., Lauts E. B., Lvova M. I., Ruchkin R. O., Ruchkina G. F., Ryabov D. Yu., Samokhvalova A. Yu., Topornin N. B., Sbarbaro Ferruccio Maria, Tsareva O. E., Ezrokh Yu. S. are analyzed. Database. The author used official statistical data of the Bank of Russia, the Deposit Insurance Agency and the data of the controlling company of the Bank Sector Consolidation Fund. Legal framework. The paper considers the banking legislation of the Russian Federation and the EU countries. Method of research. The work uses the method of legal and regulatory analysis, formal-logical, system analysis, comparative analysis, functional analysis. The main results of the study: the concept of “credit institution rehabilitation” is clarified; the factors of strategic development of the institute of rehabilitation in the Russian Federation is substantiated; additional sources of funding the financial credit organizations are offered; the creation of the supervisory authority represented by the Expert Council, consisting of a credit and liquidity representative is justified Summary. In the study, the author formulated a range of issues of the rehabilitation institute of credit organizations, as well as suggested directions for the development of resolution mechanism in the system of crisis management in the banking sector and conceptualized his views in the pattern of the new target mechanism of rehabilitation.

The subject of the research is the market of Russian and international tourism. The factors influencing the development of tourism are investigated, and the key features of the past 2018 and the period of 2019 are pointed out. Due to the exceptional mobility and volatility in recent years, this market is difficult to predict and analyze. This explains the series of bankruptcies that recently had a reputation for reliable tour operators. The methodology of tourist product development, technology of pricing for tours are considered. The dependence of domestic tourism on international trends is analyzed. The analysis of the marketing environment of the tourism market, the structure of tourist products 2019, the emergence of new technologies for sales of tourist products is carried out. New technologies are defined not only empirically. Having found out general regularities, it becomes possible to formulate methodological principles of analysis of forms and methods of tourist business, as well as to see the trends of its development. The result of the study is based on the analysis of the reality that exists in the tourism market, to make a forecast for its further development. The analysis allows us to characterize the market under study as extremely labile. Its status is influenced by all the factors of macro and micro-environment of the market. In 2019, new technologies of sales and organization of tourist business will replace the old, classic ones. Tastes and preferences of Russian and foreign tourists have undergone serious changes. The profile of the consumer of tourist services has changed. A new generation of tourists, millennials form a new ideology of designing tours. This requires all subjects of the tourist market to carefully study the factors and trends of development, and understanding that relying only on familiar technologies today is not always the way to success. The results of the research can be in demand, both in the process of teaching disciplines in the direction of "Tourism", "Management", and in the practice of designing tours.

Health is the most important characteristic of human and labor potential; it is a vital value, a condition and a guarantee of a full life not only for any person, but also for the society as a whole. Experts of the world health organization have proved that improving the quality and increasing the life expectancy of the population leads to the acceleration of economic development of the state, the growth of its GDP [1, p. 138]. Poor health, on the contrary, has a significant economic damage. Health of the population is a key indicator of the health care system performance. There is a close relationship between health care and all sectors of the national economy, which determines: influence of public health and health care on the development of the national economy as a whole and its individual branches[2, p. 131-136]; the impact of the economy of certain industries on the health of the population. The first attempt to describe this relationship was made in 1975 by Samuel Preston. The Preston curve describes the relationship between life expectancy in a given calendar period and a country's gross domestic product, a measure of current per capita income and, to a large extent, the level of economic development. The Preston curve shows that people born in more prosperous countries, on average, can expect to live longer than those born in poorer ones do. In this study, we consider the relationship between public health and socio-economic development of Russian regions. The analysis was performed by pairwise calculation of the correlation between indicators of socio-economic development of 85 regions of the Russian Federation and their indicators of the health care and public health. In order to obtain representative results, the coefficients were also calculated for the regions of the Volga Federal district and an attempt to compare the obtained results was made. There were only 14 correlations of indicators that had a level of association with the dependent variable higher than 0.7. At the same time, it is worth noting that only four of them have a correlation coefficient higher than 0.7 for all regions of Russia and the regions of the Volga Federal district. In our opinion, low correlation between health indicators and indicators of socio-economic development of regions is not the basis for the assertion of its absence, but indicates the need for more thorough mathematical calculation, which is the object of further research.

Within the framework of this article, the authors investigate innovative policy in the service sector. The researchers analyzed the legal framework, identified the conditions for the development of innovation policy in the market of digital financial services, and studied the reasons for the need for state regulation of innovative development. Prospects for the study of this problem are substantiated and its relevance for the development of the economy of the Russian Federation at the present time are formulated. The purpose of this article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the state's innovation policy and instruments of state innovation policy in the financial services market in the transition to the digital economy, to present a system for ensuring the innovative development of enterprises in the service sector. Method of research. To write this article, the authors used such general scientific methods as analysis, comparison, grouping and synthesis. In addition, various sources of information were examined, including legal acts, scientific literature and Internet sources. Based on the results of the study, the authors described the main Russian participants in the innovation infrastructure, and identified the features of innovation policy in Russia. Provision of innovative development of the country are disclosed. The authors’ suggestions for innovative development of the sphere of services at five levels and the characteristics of digitalization in the financial market are introduced. Scientific novelty. This work allowed the authors to identify the specifics of state regulation of innovation in the field of financial services in the conditions of digitalization of the economy.

The article “Problems of state regulation in the use of non-wood forest resources by the example of the Far East” is devoted to the analysis of contradictions between society and the state on the issues of payment for forest natural resources and control over their use. The contradictions are particularly strong where the shortage of jobs makes forest works the only way for citizens to earn income, which is typical for many territories of the Far East. The situation is aggravated by the contradictions and imperfections of the regulatory norms proposed by the state, as well as the lack of mechanisms for real control over the use of resources. The task of the study was to systematize the problems and assess the existing regulatory standards from the point of view of the institutional approach. Research papers by A. A. Auzan, P. V. Kryuchkova, A. A., Kurdin, A. A. Shastiko, S. B. Avdasheva, and A. E. Shastitko have become the methodological basis for the study. The article analyzes the main problem areas of regulation, provides examples of their negative impact on the life of local communities and the development of the wild plants market in general. The established practice of relations between market participants suggests the presence of a complex of administrative barriers. Calculations and estimates are based on the results of the study conducted by the author in 2018 on the territory of the Far Eastern federal district, during which market participants were interviewed, a database was formed using information from the subjects of the Russian Federation and the Federal Forestry Agency. The author considers the main options for changing the legislation and practice of law enforcement, which could improve the situation on the market of non-wood products. Calculations are also presented that demonstrate a positive socio-economic effect of these changes, including an increase in tax deductions, the number of jobs and income of the population.

The article deals with the problem of the adequacy of using the GDP indicator in assessing the socio-economic development of states. Critical comments on the stated problem are grouped in four areas, covering the entire spectrum of socio-political thought. Proponents of a market self-regulating economy focus on the disproportion in the representation of the production and consumption phases in the GDP index. Conservatives emphasize the ambiguous connection between the dynamics of GDP and the dynamics of life satisfaction indicators that arise when social institutions are transformed. Left-liberal researchers focus, above all, on the inability of standard macroeconomic indicators taking into account the destructive effect of economic development on the environment. The position of supporters of the "new paternalism" that has been developed in the framework of behavioral economics was especially highlighted. The GDP indicator, in principle, cannot characterize the socio-economic development of society, as it summarizes the results of non-optimal, irrational decisions of economic agents. The article substantiates the need to use alternative indicators to assess the development of the Russian economy. Assessment by the happiness index will allow solving such acute problems of the Russian economy as regional unevenness of economic development, high level of social stratification, low rates of investment in the Russian economy, environmental pollution caused byeconomic development. In addition, in assessing socio-economic development by the happiness index the following vulnerabilities were revealed: the ability to manipulate the assessment methodology; the possibility of unconstructive use of the happiness index to justify the conservation of social institutions.

Insurance is currently one of the most important areas for solving the problems of the national economy. The article considers the Russian specifics of insurance activity and the need to assess the performance indicators of organizations engaged in this type of activity. The problems of efficiency of private insurance companies are investigated. It emphasizes the practical importance for the recipients of insurance services ordinary citizens, as well as for executives and managers of insurance companies as persons who make managerial decisions. The purpose of this article is to identify the main ways to improve the efficiency of investment activities on the example of a domestic insurance company by analyzing its main activities. This study is based on methods of statistical, complex and situational analysis and synthesis, grouping of actual data. Results and practical significance. Practical significance of the study is that the recommendations developed in general will improve the efficiency of the insurance company. As the main conclusions, the authors formulated a number of problems faced by insurance companies in the process of functioning and implementation of investment activities. The scientific novelty of the article is caused by the need to improve the quality of functioning of insurance organizations on the basis of improving their investment activities, which is one of the most important components of increasing the competitiveness of insurance market entities and turning them into reliable investors.

The problems that determine the relevance of this study are the following: incomplete accounting of factors and management methodology and justification of the optimal capital structure of companies in modern context, lack of developed approaches to optimizing the capital structure of IT companies. The purpose of the study is to select indicators and form an approach to substantiating the optimal capital structure, taking into account various factors and the specifics of the IT company. Methods. The article uses a systematic approach, comparative analysis, method of generalization, systematization and economic analysis. As an information base for the analytical part of the study, the financial and management reports of a company operating in the IT sector, located on the territory of Novosibirsk, were used. Results and scope. The results of systematization of factors influencing the choice of capital structure of IT companies are presented. The article presents the positive and negative consequences of using own and borrowed capital as sources of financing. The factors that characterize the type of economic activity, the stage of the company's life cycle, the management structure, the financial mentality of the owners and management are defined. The main indicators for optimizing the capital structure of an IT company are selected and justified return on equity, the effect of financial leverage (European and American patterns), the average cost of capital, and economic value added. Using data from a high-tech information company, the capital structure is analyzed and suggestions for its optimization are made. The results can be used in the development of financial solutions to attract and optimize the structure of funding sources for IT companies, as well as companies with similar characteristics.

One of the most important areas of work with personnel in large organizations are programs for the development of high potential employees, which are an important part of the policy of human resources management. In dealing with this issue, many industrial enterprises are implementing a corporate competencies pattern, based on which they conduct assessment sessions and select training programs. In general, organizations use external providers to conduct training, sometimes connect to the work of specially appointed mentors. At the same time, work with the high potential employees is not always carried out systematically, which is reflected in the lack of connection between practice and development programs, lack of thought-out mechanisms of motivation for training reservists, and sometimes training activities are one-time without the lack of feedback from the teacher. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the case of high potential employees development by the example of a fuel and energy company, which shows the tools of system development of the high potential employees and key motivators for the development of employees included in the personnel reserve. The object of this article is a fuel and energy company that combines the largest generating capacity of one region. The main activities of the company are the production of electric and thermal energy. As a result of the work with the high potential employees in this company, the author comes to the conclusion that one of the key elements for an effective training program for the high potential employees is the interest of the chief executive and the reference of the studied technologies to practice. The article also shows the training blocks that can be included in such a program.

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that in the next 15 years the development of neurotechnologies will allow the introduction of accelerated methods in education, radically improving the assimilation of material, and create communication systems "man man", "man machine", "man society". Currently, there are discussions in the scientific world about the role of neurotechnologies in the knowledge management system, as many scientists are skeptical about translating neurobiological principles into education. The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends in the use of neurotechnologies based on the study of best practices for their implementation in enterprises. In this regard, this study analyzes the trends in the use of neurotechnologies in various sectors of the economy. Today, most participants in the knowledge management system, both teachers and students, are not aware of the latest scientific achievements in this direction and cannot build the right approach. The experience and the result of the implementation of neurotechnologies based on the study of best practices in enterprises are presented. This study proves that neurotechnologies can give impetus to the development of a knowledge management system in enterprises. It is proved that neurotechnologies become not only one of the most effective tools of native and other forms of adaptive learning, but also very effective due to the relatively low cost of development and implementation. Understanding of existing neurotechnologies, knowledge of the stages of its formation will allow us to build a strategy in the management of knowledge in enterprises. The practical significance of this study will increase the competitiveness of enterprises through the development and launch of advanced educational products using neurotechnologies.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of an empirical study of the problems of education and upbringing in modern Russian schools. Currently, there is a certain disproportion between the tasks and goals stated in the regulatory documents and the results of their implementation. It is necessary to identify the magnitude of this disparity and show the main directions in the implementation of which it is necessary to take urgent measures. The methodological basis of the study was the activity and normative-value approaches outlined in a number of publications of the methodological plan on the problems of education and upbringing. The main features of the general crisis of education are highlighted and the conclusion about its systemic crisis is made. To obtain specific data, a research group of employees of UrFU and UIU RANEPA conducted an online survey of first-year students from four universities in Ekaterinburg (Ural Federal University, Ural Institute of Management RANEPA, Ural State University of Economics, Russian State Vocational and Pedagogical University). The study involved 1085 people University students who graduated from school in 2018. The questionnaire was devoted to general problems of education, attitude to lecturers, as well as issues of career guidance, introduction of modern information technologies, etc. The results of the study revealed quite critical positions of school graduates on many of the issues studied. There is almost complete unanimity on the need to change the content of education, and the main factors that prevent improving the quality of education are named. This is, first of all, the lack of interest in the study of the students themselves and the lack of effective organization of the educational process. The lowest grades were given to the organization of the school education system. At the same time, the efforts made in the field of legal education received more positive evaluations, and the school leavers approved the forms of aesthetic education least of all. The choice of values made by school graduates in favor of value orientations that have an instrumental character is very indicative. The study on empirical data confirmed the existence of a crisis in the education system and showed the need and timeliness of management decisions to overcome it. In general, the study allowed us to specify the problems in the modern school.

In the information society, the functions of libraries are changing. The main tasks of libraries today are: ensuring public access to information and knowledge, preservation of cultural heritage, availability of information and communication services and, most importantly, constant dialogue with users in various forms. The tasks of libraries are expanding and becoming more complex. The librarian must understand the interests of the reader, be able to conduct professional communication about the request for information search, modern librarians master the law, economics, taxes, bidding procedures, participate in sociological and marketing research, and they need knowledge and skills of research, development of analytical reviews. The competitiveness of libraries in modern society and the future of the national library industry depend on the availability of highly qualified personnel. The article presents the results of research on staffing in libraries in Ekaterinburg. The authors conducted a survey of employees of the library center, a questionnaire survey of young employees and content analysis of reports of library managers. The study revealed the trends that are typical for libraries in the country: the aging of staff, the decline in the prestige of library professions, the departure of highly qualified specialists from libraries, including young ones, the lack of prospects for professional and career growth, the increase in the number of employees without special training, the low level of remuneration, The main factors affecting the development and improvement of the library's personnel support, respondents consider a decent salary, attracting young employees, the availability of professional education, as well as the possibility to constant improvement of professional skills. Positive practices have been identified in the system of professional training, for example, conducting schools of a complete setter, a library blogger, a restorer, a cataloger. Library managers note the high information potential of creative trips. The “All-Russian competition “Librarian of the year”, “The best youth volunteer project in the library”, the award of Honorary diplomas of the RBA “For contribution to the development of library local history of Russia” are essential for increasing the importance of library professions in society. The paper notes the importance of expanding the implementation of programs of professional training and retraining by universities in the areas of library services and the need for professional career guidance work with students and schoolchildren.

E main problem of this work is the issue of modern approaches to motivating students to participate in research activities of universities and their effectiveness in the context of the society digitization. The article introduces the methods available in the theory of motivation of university students in the modern context, identified by means of a survey and analysis of the situation in universities of the Samara region, as well as the methods developed or modified by the authors of this article in accordance with the requirements of modern society in this particular area. The main author's approaches to motivation used in modern higher educational institutions are outlined, as well as new ways of non-material motivation are defined, in addition, a combination of methods is made into a kind of motivation system that allows achieving the highest result in accordance with the tasks set. The authors draw conclusions about the applicability of various types of research activities stimulation of University students in modern realities. Within the framework of this topic, a study was conducted to identify the level of motivation of students by the example of the Samara State University of Economics and methods to increase the motivation of university students to research activities, based on the results of the current level and analysis of the applicability of these approaches in practice were presented. In addition, the research paper proposes an approach to the motivation of students with all the features and detailed elaboration of criteria for the implementation of this idea in real life, in addition, the evaluation of the efficiency of this method in practice within one academic group. In accordance with the results of the social experiment, the authors proposed the introduction of such a method of motivating students in high school, provided that it is combined with other methods of material and non-material motivation, considered in this article.