Vol. 66 No. 5 (2020)

The article deals with the destructive nature and consequences of the impact of economic crimes, primarily corruption, on the management of modern social development. The problem is analyzed by comparing the national and regional levels. The regional level is represented by the Republic of Bashkortostan as one of the leading subjects of the Russian Federation. Due to the analysis it became possible to figure out that the amount of harm caused by economic crime management, social development is tremendous, and the growth rate of this damage is considerably above the level of the rising dynamics of these crimes both in the country and in the region. Law enforcement does not solve the problem of the destructive consequences of economic crime. Despite the relatively high clearance rate in the economic sphere in general (more than 70 %) and corruption crimes in particular (more than 90 %), due to their high latency, difficulties in detecting, investigating and subsequent prosecution, it is not possible to achieve a significant reduction in their level. The article notes the aggressive role of the administrative staff in the expansion of economic crime, especially corruption. In this regard, the article solves the problem of analyzing the situation, dynamics and features of economic crime, the factors that determine it, and the consequences of its influence on management activities. The analysis of the material was carried out using an interdisciplinary methodology (social and legal sciences) based on statistical material from 2012 to 2019. The results reflected in the text will complement the theoretical and empirical basics of the sociology of management, the sociology of law, the sociology of deviant behavior, criminology, and will also be of interest to experts in this subject area and practitioners from law enforcement agencies. Highlightening the effects of economic and corruption crimes on the management of the company has allowed us to raise the issue of development at the interdisciplinary level the content of the concepts of “socially tolerable level” of this type of crime and “socially approved level” of their minimization, and the establishment of criteria to measure these levels, including social ones. This will enable us to rethink the existing measures and propose new ones aimed at significant reduction of the pressure of economic crime on the manageability of society at different levels of its organization.

National projects and state-run programs are considered as objects of monitoring to assess the quality of their implementation. They are an integral part of the object of economic security monitoring, so to ensure the integrity of the methodology, continuity, and the ability to use a common information field, it is advisable to create a methodology for monitoring the implementation of projects and programs based on the methodology for monitoring economic security developed for use within the Federal risk management system. National projects and programs are implemented at the Federal, regional, and municipal levels. Their implementation at the municipal level requires the fulfillment of a number of conditions for resource provision, solving legal problems, land allocation, etc. The analysis of the fulfillment of all conditions should also be monitored. In addition, targets can be influenced not only by the activities provided for in projects and programs. For an objective analysis, a wide range of conditions and factors must be taken into account. Using only target indicators is not enough, since to a large extent the approach to their development in the formation of projects and programs is formal, and they only partially and indirectly reflect the objective results of changes in the situation in a particular socio-economic aspect. For more complete monitoring, it is necessary to use factorial models, balance models, and others, including at the municipal and regional levels, with further integration to the Federal level of monitoring. In order to effectively implement monitoring, it is necessary to develop analytical structures, systems for collecting and processing information, and provide personnel training at all levels of public administration and local self-government.

The topicality of the sociological study and understanding of self-preservation behavior is obvious. Both individual and social health is a consequence of various social processes and encompasses cultural characteristics, acts as a life value, affects the position of an individual in society, determining statuses and roles, including gender, At the same time it is perceived as a consequence of the socialization process, as an integral part of the lifestyle. Attitudes to health change under the influence of social processes, and the health system can be considered as a social institution. The study of models of self-preservation behavior of the adult population of Moscow will provide information about what actions individuals take care of their own health. This information can be used in planning preventive measures in the health sector and in developing measures to promote a healthy lifestyle. It allows you to see the risks of age and gender categories associated with their lifestyle. Thus, the problematic situation is the lack of up-to-date information about the content of models of self-preservation behavior of the adult population of Moscow.

Against the background of accelerated changes in the economic space, the role of the market in international practice is increasing, and the issue of employment, unemployment and poverty is particularly acute in all countries. The article deals with the problems of poverty in Russia and the regions. An overview of theoretical views of the scientific community on the concept of poverty is introduced. In the course of which it poverty was defined as the concept of both economic and social, reflecting the perception of the living standards of the society by the individuals identifying themselves as a certain category of social stratum of people - the so-called state of the personal feelings of lack. According to the economic point of view, poverty is a lack in the money matters, consisting in the inability to meet the needs of food, clothing, and other necessary living conditions. A statistical analysis of the causes and structure of poverty at the Federal and regional levels, a comparative analysis of the ratio of the minimum wage and the subsistence minimum for the last ten years in the regions of Russia were conducted, an analysis of the number of jobs created in the regions over the past ten years was introduced. Consequently, the main factors and causes of poverty individuals and families were identified. Among them you can select the amount of income, unemployment, industry, and employment and health status and participation in state-run social programs. It was found out that the reduction poverty line depends not only upon the involvement of the state with its newly implemented programs, but the population as well, increasing their human capital and professional skills.

Quality control of higher education is considered on the basis of applying the approach presented in foreign and national management and sociological knowledge, according to which quality has indicators that can be measured. In this interpretation, quantity is an indicator (property) of the quality of an object. Another important methodological idea presented in the national knowledge is to justify the fact that qualities have properties that can be measured, that quantitative indicators are applicable to assess the quality of education in the process of managing the latter. The article proves that the quality of education policy and quality control are complementary phenomena. Quality management includes not only the functions that need to be performed in order to achieve the appropriate quality of education, but also the development of the educational project policy itself. The most essential elementary properties of educational policy are revealed. The actual quality of educational projects is insufficient, which determines the need for an evaluation approach to educational policy that allows determining its desired level. The choice of evaluation criteria depends on the elements of the policy being evaluated. In addition to the elementary properties of education policy, integrative quantitative quality indicators are inherent. The article considers such an indicator as the level and scale of students’ training, its features (multi-factority, multiplicity of its components, specifics of competence assessment), on the basis of this, the concept of “education quality control” is clarified. The specifics of quality control of higher education (in comparison with the existing one in the sphere of production of goods and services) is related to quality planning, which includes the development and implementation of various measures to improve the education process without fixing planned indicators. Evaluation of achievements is possible only after the implementation of activities by comparing the results achieved and previous ones. This type of education quality control is defined as the hypotheses management.

The article is devoted to the study of adaptive behavior mechanisms in the professional activity of social work experts. The ongoing processes of transformation of requirements for the professional activity of social work experts update the need to study this professional group. Social work as a profession is quite young and is in progress, which is accompanied by vague ideas about this area; polyfunctionalism, which is based on combining the functions of a psychologist, lawyer, social therapist, and teacher, places high demands on the professionally important qualities of the expert and is endowed with prerequisites for the development of professional stresses. The article analyzes the causes of professional stress and the mechanisms of protective and coping behavior. The results of the study of preferred strategies of the experts’ behavior are presented, and the dependence of the use of coping strategies on professional experience and belonging to a professional group is revealed. It is established that the process of formation and development of a professional group of social work experts is accompanied by professional deformation of its representatives. But the use of adaptive behavior strategies will contribute to the successful coping of social work experts with the deforming moments of their professional activity.

The article is concerned with the presentation of an approach to the management of innovative projects of complex technical items performed at the enterprise. Modeling is based on the socio-physical approach used for analyzing and predicting the behavior of socio-physical objects. The subject of the article is an innovative project for creating a complex technical object. It is shown that the proposed approach allows taking into account individual economic, technological and other features of the enterprise where the project is implemented, as well as taking into account the technical features of the designed object. A comparison of the nature of the decision to implement the project using the socio-physical approach and using the estimate of the present value of the project is given. The advantages of the approach in project modeling are noted. Within the framework of socio-physical modeling, the concepts of the socio-physical potentials of a technical object, project, and enterprise where the project is implemented are formalized. The mathematical description of the accumulated potential is given. The formula contains a socio-physical function whose properties are given. The structure of socio-physical models of enterprises and projects is revealed. An illustration of the dynamics of changes in the potentials of a project implemented as part of an enterprise is given. The definition of the technological structure of the enterprise is introduced, as well as formulas for calculating the levels of the technological structure of the project and the enterprise. A graphic illustration of the project execution process performed within the existing technological structure of the enterprise and with the changing technological structure of the enterprise is given. The article introduces a structural model of the enterprise that is formed as a result of calculating the accumulated potentials of the enterprise’s organizational units involved in the implementation of an innovative project. Elements of decision-making related to project management using the structural model are described. The results of calculations confirming the efficiency of using the accumulated potentials for both the enterprise and the project are presented.

The theory of the costs of compliance with the law is developed. In their activities, organizations face various labor costs of compliance with the law. In particular, organizations are forced to comply with regulations designed to protect employees from layoffs. Managers monitor the information from the world of work published by regulators, predict changes in their obligations, and plan to adapt to them. The labor costs of compliance with the law are the focus of representatives of institutionalism such as D. North, R. Posner, A. Polinsky, S. Shavell, an expert in the field of employment protection O. Mironenko, etc. However, modern management needs additional research on the costs associated with the implementation of various standards in the field of personnel management. Our goal is to systematize the labor costs of complying with the law, analyze the transformation of certain obligations into costs, and evaluate some of them. We consider the costs of compliance with the law in human resources management as a system. Classification of this system can be carried out on the basis of levels of the subject structure of subjects of management. Formal and informal, legal and extra-legal norms and the costs associated with them are an integral part of this system. One of the labor costs components of compliance with the law is transaction labor costs related to monitoring the fulfillment of various obligations, such as evaluating the performance of employees. The article also analyzes the transformational costs of complying with the law in the labor sphere. We distinguish between manageable and unmanageable labor costs of compliance with the law. The role of cost management of compliance with the law in personnel management is revealed. The cost burden of complying with the law can be significant. One way to solve this problem is to rebalance the burden of obligations and costs between the employer and the employee by making appropriate regulatory changes. The author draws attention to the problem of disobedience to the law and the costs associated with it. Fines and other penalties are compared to the labor costs of compliance with the law. Rational decisions should be made based on this comparison. The value of the assessment of labor costs of compliance with the law is determined. One of the methods for calculating such costs is proposed.

The problem of the study. The article is devoted to the study of the problems of implementing public policy towards compatriots abroad. As an example, we consider the national program to assist in the voluntary relocation of compatriots living abroad to the Russian Federation. Purpose of research. The research is aimed at analyzing institutional changes in Russia’s public policy towards compatriots living abroad and identifying barriers that reduce its effectiveness. Methodology and methods. The methodological base of the research is represented by the concept of public policy, the provisions of institutional and system-activity approaches in public administration, as well as the theory and practice of program-oriented management. The research uses a set of quantitative and qualitative methods: analysis of official documents, analysis of the content of official websites, analysis of statistical data, secondary analysis of the results of sociological surveys. Research result. As a result of the study, it was found that the promotion of voluntary resettlement of compatriots to the territory of Russia is the main focus for the vast majority of Russian regions. At the same time, the problems faced by compatriots during relocation were identified: difficulties in obtaining citizenship, housing problems, employment problems, and awareness of public support. The relevance of adjusting the content and specific tasks of public policy focused on interaction with compatriots is proved. It is important to continue research on the best practices of implementing public policy towards compatriots in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The results of the study can serve as a basis for improving public policy towards compatriots living abroad at the Federal and regional levels. Scientific novelty. The author reveals the institutional foundations of public policy towards compatriots living abroad, and the formal institutions (legal norms, formalized structure and tasks) of public support for compatriots. A conceptual model of public policy of support for compatriots has been developed. The problems of implementing the public policy towards compatriots living abroad are revealed.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need to assess the processes of regional identity, regional image and image construction by means of event marketing, the use of image-making and image-marketing tools in promoting the region. Regional identity is a prerequisite for image construction, and regions are increasingly using territorial marketing tools for promotion at the national and international level. The article analyzes the problems of constructing the image of the region, theoretical and methodological aspects of the regional image development. The article uses the example of Saint Petersburg to propose a specific set of event-related arrangements that promote the region’s integrated potential. The article reveals the problems of event management in promoting the image of the region. The main strategic goals of the PR campaign and the expectations of target groups are revealed. The relevance of the research is also determined by the need to reveal the image potential of the region, which is determined by the quantity and quality of communications, information support of events, information distributed on behalf of the region and about the region in external communication environments. The purpose of the research is to analyze and evaluate the processes of constructing regional identity and image of regions by means of event management and event marketing tools. The research methods are structural and functional analysis, content analysis, and secondary analysis of sociological data. The scientific novelty consists in revealing the experience of the region - the city of Saint Petersburg - in creating and implementing a number of international events, analyzing the regional experience of image development, and promoting the values of the region. The results of the research allow us to talk about successful event management, the presence of strategic installations in the implementation of the communication concept of promoting the region among target audiences. Event management for image-making of the territory is a rather complex process that involves all local communities of the region and the country as a whole. The advantages of the city of Saint Petersburg as a region are considered to be a refrain for special events within the context of cultural and historical heritage. The results of the study show that the image of a region is a basic element of its strategic public capital, which affects the totality of the region’s functioning in the external space, in international relations, in the world economy, and so on.

Purpose. To analyze the situation with the family institution as a social value of the state within the context of the demographic crisis on the basis of the public policy and the study of historical experience. Methods. The research methodology is based on the concept of sustainable development of socio-economic systems,as well as the theory of human development. The study used the method of historical and comparative analysis of the institution of the family as a social value of the state in different historical periods of state development and within the context of the demographic crisis. The authors systematize the factors that improve the demographic situation and contribute to the development of the institution of family and human potential. Results. Based on statistical reports of Rosstat of Russia for a period of one hundred and twenty years, the dynamics of the main demographic indicators related to the institution of the family and the population, and other data confirming a decrease in natural growth are presented. The historical, social and economic reasons that influenced the change of the situation with the family and its significance for society are considered. The causes and periods of demographic crises in Russia, due to historical events are the following: the First World War (1914-1918); the Civil War (1917-1922); the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945); a postwar period until the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent events it is 90-s of XX century; the modern period of the demographic situation in the country. Scientific novelty. The authors substantiate the idea that fertility decline against a background of high mortality rates and population ageing are directly linked to the changing role of the family institution as the values of the state in the modern Russian society, as well as the consequences of this phenomenon - the change in the level and quality of life of the population decline of the historically-established moral foundations of our society.

The most important aspect of the strategic management of the development of territories and regions is the assessment of the results of the implementation of the strategy. Currently, methodological approaches to assessing the implementation of the strategy are simplified. In this regard, it is necessary to develop methodological approaches that would allow for a more holistic determination of the results of the implementation of the strategy, taking into account the balance of regional development. The study used the balanced scorecard by R. Kaplan - D. Norton and statistical methods of dimensionality reduction in a situation of information redundancy (correlation analysis, factor analysis). An approach to assessing the results of the implementation of the regional development strategy was developed, in which the prospects for strategic development are first identified, and then the least informative indicators are excluded for each of them. In accordance with the target values of strategic indicators within the framework of different scenarios of strategic development, the real values can be assigned to the green, yellow or red zone. The application of this approach to the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass made it possible to identify four strategic perspectives: “Infrastructure” (creation of initial conditions for growth), “Economy”, “Quality of life” and “Ecology”. The perspectives “Economics” and “Quality of Life” in strategic planning documents are heavily overloaded (15-16 indicators), so a number of strategic indicators were excluded. Comparison of the real indicators of the strategic development of the Kemerovo Region - Kuzbass for 2019 with the target indicators within the inertial, target and optimistic scenarios made it possible to assess the results of the first year of the strategy implementation. The Infrastructure outlook indicators are in the green zone and in line with the target scenario, which indicates the orderly creation of conditions for economic growth. Most indicators of the outlook for “Economics” were in the red or yellow zones, mainly due to the unfavorable situation in the coal industry in 2019. As a result, it was not possible to achieve the full implementation of the goals related to the quality of life, especially demographic and income goals.