Vol. 34 No. 4 (2018)

In article «Some Prospects of the Proper Development of the World Law and Order» the author considers principal causes and obvious tendencies of some crisis phenomena in nowadays established modern world law and order, and also comes out with the proved assumptions of real potentials for substantial lawful and expedient improvement of this not enough lawful and steady world order by means of spiritual and moral increase of legal consciousness of diligent heads of the States and other influential politicians working in the international governmental and non-governmental organizations for the good of their and other nations of the world and mankind as a whole.

Purpose. Study on nature of neganropic biopolitics. Methods. Based on anthropologic studies of discipline social institutes by M. Foucault, G. Agamben, D. Acemoglu and others, it is realized an attempt to analysis neganropic (human-deny) biopolitics strategy. Results. Historically widespread negantropic biopolitics is not overcome until now. Rooted in society extractive social institutions are the base of negantropic biopolitics. The extractive institutes are giving rise to social stratification, the strengthening of repressive and ideocratic institutions of the state, eventually overwhelming most of the population. Negantropic biopolitics is based on tanatal relation to man and may considered as destructive to his living space. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty consist of modeling and study of negantropic biopolitics. Forms, basis, tanatal nature of negantropic biopolitics are considered and described in article. Articulation and analysis of the biopolitical strategies important for the modern world because of the presence of actual possibility of revenge of negantropic biopolitical strategies.

In the article an attempt is made to consider the discussion at the April (1928) Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) as a private moment of collision the two major components of the vectors of the Soviet history: the implementation of modernization of industrial project and utopian the way of forced "socialist construction". An open presentation of his views of supporters and opponents of the NEP (even if it's an internal censorship and patron-client relationships) have demonstrated that the part of the Bolshevik elites were able to evolve their views, the perception of the elements of a scientific vision of economic and social development without priority of violence. The discussions at the April Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) reflected two rather contradictory approaches to the implementation of the "Soviet project", but, despite all the efforts of Stalin and his supporters, the resolutions of the plenary focused on the continuation of the NEP as a way of the least conflict and the most effective way of modernization of the country; policies aimed at the fastest possible development of different forms of cooperation; mutual actions of different sectors of the mixed economy

Purpose. Study of the features of the presidency in the system of political and administrative management of the Russian Federation. Methods. The article analyzes the position of the head of state in the system of separation of powers and powers in relation to the main institutions of state power in the Russian Federation. Results. The norms of constitutional law, as well as Federal legislation regulating the constitutional and legal status of the President of the Russian Federation were considered. It is shown that the President of the Russian Federation has significant powers in the system of separation of powers, he exercises the powers of all the higher institutions of state power. Scientific novelty. It is revealed that the activity of the President of the Russian Federation is mediated by the bureaucratic structure of society, which on his behalf realizes the political course, that is why the head of state needs significant political will and leadership qualities in order to counter negative tendencies of bureaucratization of the Russian state governance system.

Purpose to study the process of forming the scientific basis of the state regional policy in the conditions of the establishment of market relations in Russia, to establish its role in overcoming macroeconomic instability in the post-reform period (1991-2008) and the relationship with the regulation of regional development. Methodology and methods: using the dialectical method of cognition, the system approach and the method of expert assessments, the features of state regional policy and the factors that influenced the creation of its legislative and scientific bases were analysed; content and structure are detailed, objects and subjects of regional policy are highlighted. Results: the circumstances (problems) that make it difficult to implement the main provisions of the state regional policy in the practice of management during the analysed period have been identified. Comparison of different views on the subject of state regional policy made it possible to revise its conceptual foundations and the composition of structural elements (components). Scientific novelty consists in creating an original author's formulation of state regional policy and justifying the expediency of its application in practice with a view to more effective state regulation of the territorial development of a federal state. The need for further improvement of the methodology for planning and managing administrative-territorial entities (federal districts and subjects of the federation) in Russia is justified.

Purpose. The study, based on archival materials, of the formation and development of the personnel policy of the Soviet prosecutor's office in the Sverdlovsk Region, its personnel and its main activities from 1934 to 1980. Methods: the empirical base of the research was compiled from the archives of the Sverdlovsk Oblast Prosecutor's Office from 1920-1980, the materials of party congresses, conferences, Plenums of the Central Committee, the Bulletin of the Department of Corrective Labor Institutions of the Urals and the Regional Prosecutor's Office and the Regional Court, as well as magazines, newspapers and other periodicals illuminating the work of the Sverdlovsk Prosecutor's Office in the Soviet period. Results: the author gives generalizing conclusions about the significance and role of the institution of personnel policy in the life of the Soviet prosecutor's office, as well as examples of borrowing successful historical experience for improving work with cadres in the bodies of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, or its subjects at present. Scientific novelty: the author has studied the institution of personnel policy in the bodies of the Prosecutor's Office of the Sverdlovsk region, made an attempt to fill the incomplete studies of the formation of the personnel policy institute of the Sverdlovsk Prosecutor's Office in the domestic jurisprudence in the Soviet period.

Purpose. The analysis of the heterogeneity of the economic space of the Republic of Bashkortostan is carried out in order to improve the efficiency of management. Methods. System method, economic-mathematical and statistical methods. The object. Economic space of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The subject. Subject. System of organizational-economic relations, in the process of management. Results. The heterogeneity of the economic space of the Republic of Bashkortostan is estimated as such important economic indicators as gross production and profit (loss) per 1 employed in the economy. The influence of the fund-raising ratio, the return on assets, the number of employees, investments on them in the statics and in the dynamics is determined. Equations of linear multiple regression and production functions based on typological groups that were constructed according to the reproductive mechanism are constructed. A map of the republic has been constructed on them. Scientific novelty.. The heterogeneity of the economic space of the Republic of Bashkortostan is investigated to improve the efficiency of management.

Purpose. Research and systematization of the theoretical foundations and classical approaches to the economic crisis in the history of economic thought for the development of modern crisis management for the set of commercial banks in Russia. Methods. Historical approach is used: narrative method, comparative method, structural method; formal logic method. Results. In this paper, the author considered and systematized the views existing in schools of economic thought on the nature of crisis phenomena in the economy on the example of the economic thought of the Marxian economics, the Neoclassical economics, the Austrian School, the Institutional economics, the Keynesian economics, the Monetary economics and the Post-Keynesian economics. The Post-Keynesian approach allocated such type of agent as a set of traditional banks. The role of the central bank is therefore seen as supporting government efforts to stabilise the economy by creating a stable, low-interest financial environment for investment planning. The authors ' conclusions allow to increase the relevance of research and development of rehabilitation models for the set of commercial banks. The rehabilitation mechanism should be a general work of the regulator and the banking sector. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the author's reasons of the crisis in the banking sector, which are based on the conceptualization of the ideas that underlie by the Schools of economic thought. The idea of early detection of the instability and support of the sector to a situation where the Bank has only two ways: revocation of the license or rehabilitation.

The article presents research results of territories resource potentials on the subregional level. The methodological approach is suggested to aggregate primary data indicating a potential of a municipal entity based on the classic triad of economic resources: Labour, Land, Capital. Integrated indexes (including intermediate characteristics) for every municipal district are calculated based on generally accepted qualimetry method including setting of indexes, point rating system, and calculation of integral criterion as an arithmetic (or geometric) average. To formalise trends illustrating changes in potentials of municipal districts of Republic Sakha (Yakutia), comparative appraisal and data time series for the time period from 2006 to 2016 were implemented. The methodological approach proposed and the methodology to estimate resource potentials allow to conduct a comparative study of resource potentials and competitiveness of territories on the subregional level in the context of municipal districts.

Purpose. Development of a comprehensive methodology for analyzing the cash flow of a budgetary institution, which allows assessing the sufficiency and effectiveness of budgetary and extrabudgetary funding for providing public (municipal) services to the population, as well as improving existing approaches to analysis. Methods. During the research, methods such as observation and collection of facts, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, horizontal and vertical analysis methods, coefficient method were used. Results and practical significance. Based on the analysis of the authors' existing approaches to assessing the movement of funds of the budgetary institution, limitations of existing methods and the lack of a common methodology for analyzing the cash flows of public sector institutions were revealed. The complex methodology of cash flow analysis aimed at determining the dynamics and structure of their changes, determining the adequacy of budget financing and the effectiveness of using money resources (including funds from the provision of paid services) in achieving the goals and objectives of the budget institution in the provision of public (municipal) services. This method has been tested in the activity of the institution of social services for the population. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty consists in developing an integrated methodology for analyzing the cash flows of a budgetary institution as a means of determining the sufficiency and effectiveness of using budgetary financing (subsidies) for rendering public (municipal) services to the public.

Purpose. Assessment of the existing levels early entrepreneurial activity of women and their motivational preferences in creating their own business. Comparative analysis of the early women's and men's entrepreneurial activities. Methods. The study is based on the methods of economic and statistical analysis. The information obtained in the 2016-2017 survey of women's entrepreneurship in 74 countries, presented in the report of Global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) project, that was used as a baseline. Normal distribution density functions were used in the modeling process. The test conducted on the basis of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson and Shapiro-Wilk criteria showed that the functions obtained from the computational experiment have a high quality of empirical data approximation. Results. The features of women's entrepreneurship and barriers hindering its development are revealed. The analysis of early women entrepreneurial activity, which on average reached 10.8% of the total number of adult women aged 18 to 64 years in all countries under consideration, was made. The existing levels of voluntary and forced motivation of women are estimated. Proved the preponderance of the voluntary motivation in the majority of countries. A comparative analysis ratio of women's and men's early entrepreneurial activity, as well as ratio of share voluntary motivation in women and men. It is shown that the last ratio to date in all countries exceeds 80%. The countries with high and low values of the considered indicators are defined. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the study on the distribution of indicators characterizing the motivation of women entrepreneurs and the existing gender gap between them and men entrepreneurs. New methods and tools of such analysis are proposed. Presented comparative analysis development of women's entrepreneurship in Russia and foreign countries.

The analysis and generalization of methods, resources, possibilities of identification of the person in social space is executed. The main approaches in studying the issue of the phenomenon of personal identification were analyzed. The identified range of sources of research is compared from the point of view of the use of methods and technologies of identity identification, as well as in terms of potential opportunities for it.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for the development of civil society institutions and governance in modern Russia. Methods. Based on the system and process approaches, the authors use methods of analysis, evaluation, comparison. Results and scientific novelty. The researchers analyzed the essence, conditions and factors of the development of civil society and the system of democratic governance in modern Russia, which determines the opportunities, quality and standard of living of citizens. The article also analyzes prospects and ways of further development of civil society institutions and management systems.

The article is devoted to the study of professional-value orientations of student youth, their place in the structure of students' life values. Modern society is characterized by high social dynamics, social and economic demands on the market of specialists are of a volatile nature. Professionally valuable orientations, understood by the author as an integrative personal structure that determines the professional consciousness of a specialist, characterizing his attitude to the profession, reflecting the content side of the personality's orientation to the values of professional activity, contribute to the effectiveness of the future specialist's adaptation to the processes of entering the profession and professional self-actualization as a whole. The attitude of young people to education is part of the vocational-value sphere, since education is an important component of mastering professional knowledge, the basis of early professionalization. Values of education and profession can be attributed to both instrumental and terminal values. Professional values, realized as priority terminal, contribute to the effectiveness of professional self-realization of the individual. Studies of the nature of professional orientations and values of students, in the author's opinion, can become the basis for predicting the success of socialization in the professional sphere.

In the conditions of the modern market economy, the provision of high competitiveness of educational institutions is of particular importance and importance to the number of core problems of functioning and development faced by the higher education sector of the Russian Federation. Understanding global trends in the transformation processes of competitiveness management allows us to develop strategies for the development of the university. Designing and functioning of an effective system for ensuring competitiveness requires an optimal combination of various kinds of prerequisites: economic, technological and legal.

Purpose. The main purpose is to introduce the key principles of applied analytics. The theme possesses an extreme applied importance from the viewpoint of analytical support of governmental administration and political decision-making. Thus, the article is addressed both to students who just begin applied analytical activity and to professionals employed in education, research funds and public administration. Methods. Basing on existing theoretical disciplines methodology and the author’s own practical experience, the author systematizes information and formalizes the key positions which are necessary to form up skills and perks of applied political analytics Results. In this article the peculiarities of analytical style are demonstrated and its differences from scientific and publicistic styles are specified. The concept of ‘format’ of analytical research is introduced and clarified. The differences between public and non-public analytics are observed. The role of customer of analytics is accentuate. The differences between the analysis of media and the analysis of real political processes are explained. Very special attention is paid to the structural peculiarities and the internal architectonics of analytical text and to the key principles how to prepare applied analytics for customer (decision-maker) in the most appropriate way. The author stresses the role of recommendations for decision-makers as the main outcome of analytics. Scientific novelty. The article possesses very practical and didactic significance and is aimed at formation of applied analytics preparation skills. The problematics of analytics which supports political and administrative decision-making is systematized (in fact, is put in circulation). The particular applied political analytics instruments significant for administrative practice are introduced.