Tsinchenko Galina M.

Purpose. Public policy in the sphere of development of small and medium business on the basis of research on development of small and medium entrepreneurship in Russia; directions of policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of development of small and medium-sized business; legal regulation of state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of in the sphere of development of small and medium business; the measures of state support of small and medium business are analysed. Methods. The research is based on a set of general scientific methods, such as generalization and systematization of theoretical data based on the study of the research papers of various authors, analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, system-functional and integrated approach, using the analysis of official statistics and regulatory Federal and regional legal acts. Results. The theoretical and practical significance of the research is that it clarifies and systematizes the concepts and approaches to public policy in the development of small and medium-sized businesses, which have not yet been sufficiently studied in Russian science. The analysis will allow us to develop an up-to-date vision of the identified problems and contribute to the improvement of state policy in the field of small and medium-sized business development. The analyzed materials will help optimize the activities of public authorities in the regions of the Russian Federation and small and medium-sized businesses in the development of this economically important area. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty consists in the study of public policy in the field of small and medium-sized business development as an important link in the development of the economy in Russia and its regions in an unstable economic situation in order to overcome the consequences of the current crisis. Insufficient rationality of state programs for the development of small and medium-sized businesses at the Federal and regional levels has been identified: modern support measures are not effective enough, and many indicators indicate negative phenomena in the sphere of small and medium-sized businesses. There are problems associated with insufficiently effective organization of Bank lending, awareness of support measures, lack of collateral, etc., which does not allow you to take advantage of such measures as the provision of subsidies, grants, etc.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the directions of public policy of the Russian Federation in the sports and physical training development in modern Russia, its legislative regulation and management system. The study is based on a set of general scientific methods, such as generalization and systematization of theoretical data using the writings of various authors, analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparison, system-functional and integrated approach, involving the analysis of official statistics and regulatory Federal and regional legal acts. Theoretical and practical significance of the study is that it clarifies and systematizes the concepts and approaches to the state policy of physical training and sports, which has not been sufficiently studied in the domestic science yet. The analysis of the situation in the management system of physical training and sports in the Russian Federation will allow developing urgent vision of the identified problems and contributing to the improvement of public policy in the field of physical training and sports. Scientific novelty is to study the relationship between public policy in the sphere of physical training and sports, demographic policy and national security with the use of different tools. Implementation of mechanisms of both policies are subject to a single goal to overcome the consequences of the current crisis and to ensure the strengthening of health of the population and increase life expectancy.

The purpose is to analyze the main problems of young families with children through the study of socio-economic status of young families with children in the Russian Federation and statutory regulation of family policy in relation to young families with children. The study identifies the distinctive features of modern young families, characterizes the relationship between men and women. The study is based on a set of general scientific methods, such as generalization and systematization of theoretical data based on the study of the writings of various researchers, analysis, comparison, system-functional and integrated approach. The analysis of official statistics and statutory regulation of the Russian Federation is used. Theoretical and practical significance of the study is that it examines the system of social protection of young families with children and identifies the main existing problems. The study shows that the system of state support for young families should cover a much larger number of areas, not only financial and material assistance. The analysis will identify the current state of the identified problems and contribute to the improvement of family policy in relation to young families with a child in modern conditions. Insufficient rationality of social protection and assistance to young families is revealed due to the lack of taking into account the indicators of differentiation of young families by social and demographic characteristics. As a result of it a significant proportion of young families with children remains in economic and professional isolation. The directions of improvement of the state family policy are highlighted as well.

Subject. Public policy as a connecting link between individual family needs satisfaction with a disabled child and family functioning in the interests of society. Purpose. Analyzed State policy on support for families with disabled children on the basis of a study of socio-economic status of families with disabled children in the Russian Federation and State regulatory policy for families with children with disabilities. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of a set of interdisciplinary methods, such as generalization and systematization of theoretical data based on the study of the works of various authors, analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematic-functional and integrated approach, with use of official statistics and the analysis of normative legal acts. The results. The theoretical and practical significance of the study is that it examines the system of social protection of families with disabled children at the regional level and identifies the main challenges. The analysis of the status of social support for families with disabled children will develop an actual vision of the problems identified, and will contribute to the improvement of public policies in respect of families, which are growing and disabled child is educated in modern socio-economic conditions. The scientific novelty. Identified lack of rationality of social protection of families with children with disabilities, including the lack of differentiation and scorecard ranking families according to socio-demographic characteristics, contributing their individual potential, resulting in a significant proportion of families with disabled children with severe limitations of life, remains in economic and sociocultural isolation.

Subject. The role of attitudes and institutions in family policies and policy of childhood in the Soviet and post-Soviet time. Purpose. To study on the specificity of formation and realization of the State family policy and policy of childhood in the Soviet and post-Soviet period. To determine the influence of institutions and approaches of the Soviet period on family policy and child protection policy at the present stage. The formation of child protection policies in Russia and abroad. Methods. The study is based on research, analysis and systematization of theoretical materials of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods on the research topic and the author's approach statement. Results. This study examined the formation and implementation of policy strategies in the family sphere; identified communications approaches and institutions in realization of policy strategies in the family sphere; analyzed international and national experience of child protection policy development in historical hindsight; highlighted priorities of family policy at the present stage. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty and originality consists in the study of relationship of institutions and approaches in implementation of State family policy and policy on childhood. The authors defined a causal relationship of family policy and child policy at the present stage with the policy conducted during the Soviet era. Interrelationship of institutions and approaches in the modern child protection policies in Russia and abroad.