Mukhacheva Anna V.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the state vector of digital development of the economy and social sphere, the introduction of end-to-end digital technologies at the national and regional levels. Digital transformation as a new national goal is reflected in regional strategies, but there is still certain ambiguity and deficiency of interpretations of this category. It is necessary to develop a definitional study of this term and expand its meaning with the transition from purely economic interpretations (the first definitions were developed by economists and international business in relation to commercial companies) to a territorial format and coverage of a wide range of socio-economic relations. The goal of the study is to study the definitional foundations and strategies for the digital transformation of the economy and social sphere of the regions, and to analyze the results of the introduction of digital technologies in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a detailed analysis of the definitional foundations and interpretations of the category «digital transformation» is presented within the framework of various research approaches, a variety of target settings, barriers and results of the implementation of regional strategies for the digital transformation of the economy and social sphere (based on specific cases of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation). An analysis of the statistical indicators of digital development of the territory available in Rosstat agency has been conducted.

Research results. Negative trends in the dynamics of the use of a number of digital technologies in the regions (cloud services, big data collection and processing technologies, artificial intelligence) have been shown, despite the declared development of these areas. The deficit of the statistical basis for assessing digital regional development has been demonstrated, both in terms of the main end-to-end digital technologies developed by the state and concerning the application of international methods for assessing and comparing the results of digitalization development. A particular lack of information is observed with regard to the introduction of digital technologies in the social sphere, in addition to the development of digital public services.

Discussion. The topic of digital development and its derivative categories (digital transformation, digital maturity) in relation to the Russian Federation and its subjects, individual aspects of socio-economic development and various stakeholders will develop at an accelerating pace in the context of Industry 4.0 and subsequent paradigms (Industry 5.0, 6.0). There will be further development and rethinking of the definitional and conceptual foundations of the digital transformation of regional development, taking into account foreign cases and the flagship experience of regions that are leaders in socio-economic development. As the statistical basis of digital development of regions is progressively expanding, new methods for assessing the results of digital transformation at the national and regional levels will be continuously created. The level of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation will remain a key factor in the implementation of digital transformation strategies in terms of demonstrating the specifics of digital needs and digital resources, tracking the results obtained, identifying the best practices and differentiating the digital development of territories, and making appropriate political decisions.

Significant differences in the scale and profile of poverty in Russian regions are an obstacle to achieving the national goal of reducing the poverty level by half by 2030. In the Siberian Federal District, the poverty level has been above the average in Russia for a long time and it still remains so. This determines the scientific and practical significance of analyzing the dynamics of poverty, its correlation with demographic, social and economic factors that significantly affect absolute or relative poverty.

The absolute and relative approaches are the theoretical and methodological basis of the research that help to analyze the level and dynamics of poverty. Demographic, social and economic factors determining poverty profile have been identified. The information base of the study is regional statistics for the Siberian territories. The methods of comparative and dynamic analysis and Spearman’s rank correlations were used.

Different dynamics of absolute and relative poverty during the crisis and recovery growth have been identified. Regions with persistently high levels of absolute poverty (Tyva Republic, Altai Republic), territories with average rate and rather low rate of poor citizens have been revealed. Absolute poverty increased during the 2014–2016 crisis. Relative poverty declined due to the reduction in intraregional income in- equality in 2014–2016. Absolute poverty is determined by demographic factors (“child load”), the level of urbanization, low per capita incomes, and a fairly high level of general unemployment. An increase in average per capita money income adjusted to the cost of living in the regions, decreases absolute poverty.

Use of an income of less than 60 % of the median income as a criterion for relative poverty changes the demographic and regional profile of poverty. Poverty is reduced in areas with a high child rate if this criterion is applied. However, the relative poverty level of pensioners rises. The factors of growth of the level of relative poverty are determined: positive dynamics of employment, growth of average per capita money income adjusted to the cost of living in the regions. The research results are applicable in the development of social policy to reduce poverty in the most vulnerable social and demographic groups of the population.

FUNDING: The research is accomplished under the financial support of a grant from the Academician Niko- lai Fedorenko International Scientific Foundation of Economic Research on the topic: “Specificity of regional poverty: scale, characteristics, influencing factors, prospects for reduction (a case study of Siberia regions)”.

The most important aspect of the strategic management of the development of territories and regions is the assessment of the results of the implementation of the strategy. Currently, methodological approaches to assessing the implementation of the strategy are simplified. In this regard, it is necessary to develop methodological approaches that would allow for a more holistic determination of the results of the implementation of the strategy, taking into account the balance of regional development. The study used the balanced scorecard by R. Kaplan - D. Norton and statistical methods of dimensionality reduction in a situation of information redundancy (correlation analysis, factor analysis). An approach to assessing the results of the implementation of the regional development strategy was developed, in which the prospects for strategic development are first identified, and then the least informative indicators are excluded for each of them. In accordance with the target values of strategic indicators within the framework of different scenarios of strategic development, the real values can be assigned to the green, yellow or red zone. The application of this approach to the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass made it possible to identify four strategic perspectives: “Infrastructure” (creation of initial conditions for growth), “Economy”, “Quality of life” and “Ecology”. The perspectives “Economics” and “Quality of Life” in strategic planning documents are heavily overloaded (15-16 indicators), so a number of strategic indicators were excluded. Comparison of the real indicators of the strategic development of the Kemerovo Region - Kuzbass for 2019 with the target indicators within the inertial, target and optimistic scenarios made it possible to assess the results of the first year of the strategy implementation. The Infrastructure outlook indicators are in the green zone and in line with the target scenario, which indicates the orderly creation of conditions for economic growth. Most indicators of the outlook for “Economics” were in the red or yellow zones, mainly due to the unfavorable situation in the coal industry in 2019. As a result, it was not possible to achieve the full implementation of the goals related to the quality of life, especially demographic and income goals.

Purpose. Analysis of the quality of information provided by employers about vacancies in Internet sources in the regional labor market in terms of relevance, completeness, and reliability of information. Methodological base of the research. The analytic base of the research is formed on the basis of open sources of information about vacancies in the regional labor market of the Kemerovo region. For research, Internet sources of job search were divided into seven groups: corporate sites of companies; sites of recruitment agencies; social networks, blogs, community sites of specialists; specialized commercial job search sites; ’’Chatbots”; job aggregators; interactive portal of the Ministry of Labor and Employment. The study was conducted in May 2019 and 2020 using traditional methods of generalization, grouping, systematization of data, tabular and graphical methods of presenting information. Key findings. The results of the study showed that a small percentage of vacancies posted on the Internet contain complete and up-to-date information about the job offered. A job seeker in the virtual space risks encountering problems such as “empty” (forgotten) jobs, offers to invest money to earn money, free use of labor, and fraud. The authors have formed requirements for placing information on job search services. A unified form of presenting information about vacancies is proposed. Its use will improve the accuracy and completeness of the information provided about vacancies, which will speed up the search for jobs for applicants and the search for suitable employees for employers. This article will be useful for managers and experts of public employment services, employees of personnel management departments of commercial enterprises and organizations.

The key scientific and practical problem that determines the relevance of this study is the presence of “weak zones” in the liquidity management of industrial enterprises, most of whose assets are enclosed in fixed assets, which are most difficult to convert into cash. As a result, there are solvency risks. This problem is relevant even for profitable and competitive industrial companies. Therefore, it is necessary to find tools to improve the efficiency of managing the liquidity of industrial enterprises using their industry advantages. Specific scientific task: to analyze the liquidity of one of the most successfully developing machine building enterprises in the Kemerovo region and Siberia JSC “KORMZ” and develop recommendations to improve the company’s liquidity management based on the identified problem areas. The recommendations presented are highly likely to be applicable to other machine-building enterprises. The methodological base of the research is represented by standard tools used to assess the company’s liquidity and its balance sheet such as coefficient analysis, comparison of integral indicators for individual asset groups, grouping and summarizing enterprise reporting data, horizontal and vertical analysis, analysis and synthesis of empirical data. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the overall liquidity of the balance sheet and solvency of JSC “KORMZ” is quite high, which indicates that the company is well provided with liquid assets to repay current liabilities. The author identified a number of problem areas of company development: the decline of the most liquid assets financial investments cash and cash equivalents; the predominance of short-term funding sources over long term; conservation of dependence on borrowed funds; there is no growth in the company’s revenue in nominal terms and its decline in real terms (taking into account inflation). These problems are typical for the machine-building industry. The text contains recommendations on how to eliminate the identified problem areas in the company’s liquidity management.