Zborovsky Garold E.

Introduction. One of the urgent problems of modern higher education is the desire of universities to improve their resource base. It appears in the form of various manifestations of a professional-pedagogical, research, publication, communication, temporal and other nature. One of the most important university resources are research teams (SC) and research schools (NS). They became the subject of the author's anal- ysis in the proposed article. It gives a description of the common and different between them, shows the resources that take place in each of the two named scientific structures. It is proved that the main subject of both SC and NS is the social and professional community of scientific and pedagogical workers (SPR). The article presents its author's understanding.

Materials and methods. The basis of the empirical base of the article was, firstly, statistical materials that characterize the higher education of the Ural Federal District and the faculty of its universities, and secondly, the materials of interviews conducted among more than 30 representatives of this professional community on strategies for managing them.

Results. The main results obtained in the course of the study are as follows. 1. Identification of the key characteristics of the SPD resources actively participating in NC and NS: traditions of scientific schools; the authority of the head (leader); opportunities to win joint grants; continuity of generations. 2. Identification of the specifics of the resources of NC and NS, which make it possible to discover common and different things in the activities of the SPD that are part of their structure. 3. Understanding the role of research and publication resources as a factor in revitalizing the activities of NCs and NSs. 4. Characteristics of the interpretations of NC and NS under the conditions of formalization of the resource capacity of each of the scientific structures.

Discussion. Discussion of the strategy for the development and management of NC and NS resources:  1юThe excessively high level of exploitation of the research resource of the CS by management structures in the structures of CS and NS. 2. Imitation of scientific publicity and activity of the NDP within the framework of the NC and NS. 3. Absolutization of the physical indicators of the professional development of the scientific and technical staff in the structures of the NC and NSH. 4. Allocation of problematic resources of NC and NS under the new conditions of university management.

The article examines the adaptation of Russian students in the context of the transformation of higher edu- cation through the prism of management decisions in universities concerning the optimization of the adap- tation process in all its main areas. The urgency of the problem is due to the insufficient readiness of a sig- nificant part of the undergraduate students to study at universities, especially regional ones. The problem of the study is the discrepancy between the adaptation needs of students and the possibilities of their imple- mentation in the conditions of transformation of higher education.

The task of the university administration is to determine the factors of successful adaptation of students and justify the need to develop its comprehensive program. This task acts as the main one in the justification of management decisions regarding the features and methods of adaptation at the university. A number of methodological and disciplinary approaches were used as a theoretical framework for the study of students' adaptation. Among the first are community-based, resource-based, activity-based (based on practice-ori- ented and project-based) approaches, among the second are sociological, psychological, pedagogical ap- proaches. All these approaches are aimed at understanding the conception of adaptation of university stu- dents to their university life and its theoretical, empirical, and practical use, as well as at finding and sub- stantiating managerial solutions to adaptation problems.

The empirical basis of the article was the results of a Russian study conducted in May-July 2022. The general population includes 1st and 2nd year students enrolled in bachelor's and full-time specialty pro- grams in various trainingareas. The total volume of the sample is 15,902 people, the maximum sampling error did not exceed 1%.

The main research results are: analysis and ways to optimize the adaptation of students to educational, scientific, project activities, as well as the justification of programs for managing the adaptation of students through curatorship, tutoring, student and scientific and pedagogical mentoring, the elaboration of the eth- ical code of the university.

The paper discusses the problem of management of students’ development at university during their human capital transfer. The urgency of this problem is determined by the need for close cooperation between the university administration and students to create favorable conditions of their human capital development. The goal of this research is to analyze the role of university management in successful transfer of human capital of students. The research methodology is based on three main approaches, including community, managerial and human capital theory approaches. Results. The paper provides a description of empirical basis and research methods. The main notion in this study is human capital of students. Its structure is described, including three groups of resources within it: cognitive, behavioral and social. Some contradictions between these resources of students’ human capital are revealed and discussed. The concept of human capital transfer is analyzed from two perspectives: vertical (from course to course) and horizontal (from one activity to the other). There is a dependence of students’ human capital on the accumulated resources in the previous years, before the university studies. The paper discusses the main results of research in three parts: 1) contradictions between the structure of students’ human capital and their influence on its transfer; 2) the challenges of students’ capital transfer during COVID-19 pandemic; 3) university management as a factor affecting students’ human capital transfer. The paper argues that university administration should be involved in the solution of the problem of students’ human capital transfer. Special attention is paid to the ways to solve the abovementioned problem to support students in their human capital enrichment. Students’ human capital transfer at university is viewed as a way to move away from educational failures to professional and social success.

The article deals with the problem of the relationship between the labor market and the “silver” education of the social community of people of the “third age”. The article shows the relevance of this problem in the context of pension reform and the crisis development of the region caused by the pandemic and global economic shocks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems, trends and opportunities for the development of the “silver” education system in the Sverdlovsk region in its relationship with the regional labor market. As a starting point, the assessments of this problem and ways to solve it by representatives of authorities and employers were taken.The empirical basis of the article is the results of a sociological study conducted by the authors in 2019-2020 in the Sverdlovsk region using a mix strategy. The article reveals the main results of the study. The article describes the current status of the “silver” labor market in the region. The main provisions of the public policy in the interests of older people are revealed. Its reactive nature, which contributes little to the development of both the “silver” labor market and the “silver” education, is argued. The article shows the contradictory attitude of employers to age-related employees and their training practices. The conditions for intensive involvement of employers in solving the problems of “silver” education in the region are revealed.The authors conclude that the region has not yet created the basis for the development of “silver” education, which could become an element of the system of continuing education in the Sverdlovsk region. Another conclusion is that the population of the “third age” in the conditions of a deep economic crisis, reinforced by the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, may find itself in a very contradictory state - to become either an active labor and social resource, or to become a heavy burden for society. Government and business representatives should make a significant contribution to this issue, expanding the labor market for the older generation and creating new opportunities for the development of “silver” education.

The article deals with the problem of trust and management correlation in the Russian higher education. The purpose of the article is to identify the nature of the links between these phenomena and analyze possibilities of trust development in the context of the authoritarian way of managing the higher education system. Attention is drawn to the novelty of the problem statement, caused by dissatisfaction with the University’s educational communities with the existing management system and the desire to find a way to resist it in the form of introducing the principles of trust into the system of inter-community relations. The interpretation of two key categories trust and management in higher education, shows their types, models and ways of their transversion. A significant part of the article is devoted to the analysis of three main communities students, scientific, pedagogical and managerial workers, and inter-community relations in higher education through the prism of empirical research on the relationship of trust and management in higher education. The article presents data from two studies, during which a low level of trust in the University management community on the part of students and research and teaching staff was recorded. It is established and shown in the article that this level is clearly correlated with a low level of trust in the main institutions of power and management in the country. The last section of the article is devoted to this problem. The conclusion that the author comes to is that in the current conditions of the authoritarian regime in the country, much, almost everything, is subordinated to the management of the higher education system and specific universities. However, there are certain small areas of relationships over which management has no power. Trust remains one of these few and inaccessible oases.

Purpose. The study of youth’s trust in the policy of municipal authorities and its consideration as a resource of city management and social capital of city community. Methods. The study is based on the concept of urban lifestyle L. Wirth, including provisions on moral interactions of subjects of urban life, theories of trust N. Luman and F. Fukuyama, allowing to treat it as social capital. The article is based on the materials of sociological research of cases of medium and large cities of the Ural Federal District. Demographic statistics, statistical data on educational organizations, normative documents, content of city web sites and forums were studied. Results. The tendency of decrease of trust of youth to city management as response to lack of due attention to pressing problems of young citizens is revealed. It is established that the causes of youth migration are two key problems: the unresolved issue of employment of a significant part of young people and the lack of conditions for higher education. The reaction of different groups of local communities to the passivity of the city authorities in the field of youth problems is shown. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of the relationship between trust capital and city policy aimed at meeting the basic needs of young people. Financing. The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Science, project № 18-011-00158 «Trust as a fundamental problem of Russian higher education».

Purpose. Analyze the interaction between educational communities and urban cultural and educational environment in the Russian megalopolis as a management problem. Subject. Interrelations and interactions of the education sphere (included educational communities) and the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis and, accordingly, the two branches of knowledge that explore this interaction the sociology of education and the sociology of the city. Methodology and methods. The article is written on the basis of a theoretical and empirical study. The first the theoretical and methodological part of the article includes an analysis of the main methodological approaches used to study the interaction of educational communities in the megalopolis. Among these approaches institutional, systemic, communities, networked. They are united by a binding beginning an administrative approach. The second part of the article covers interpretation of materials of empirical research conducted under the guidance of authors among educational communities of scientific and pedagogical workers and students of the leading universities of Ekaterinburg in 2016-2017. Results. Some results of the research, reflected in the article, relate to the characteristics of the specifics of intra-institutional interactions between the educational communities of the higher school of Ekaterinburg, as well as the influence of the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis on the choice of types of educational activity. Of particular interest are the problems of the lack of confidence in the university environment (both teaching and student) to various levels of management, from federal to municipal. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis, for the first time at the theoretical and empirical level, of the interconnection and interaction of the two environments the education and the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis and, respectively, of the two branches of knowledge the sociology of education and the sociology of the city. Scientific novelty is also determined by the application to the consideration of the interaction of education and urban life of a number of the above-mentioned methodological approaches institutional, systemic, communities, networked, united by managing analysis. The results of the research serve as a contribution to the theoretical study of the processes of managing the interaction between educational communities among themselves, as well as with the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis. From the point of view of managing the practices of urban life, including in the sphere of education, the results of the surveys can be used to develop recommendations for optimizing the interaction of educational communities with other urban communities, as well as programs for the development of inter-institutional links between education, management, culture in a megalopolis.

Social roles and importance of educational communities of higher academic institutions in collaboration with the key actors of urban strategic partnership. Purpose. The goal is a meaningful definition of the role and capacity of the educational communities of higher education institutions in Yekaterinburg as participants in a strategic partnership in managing the development of the Ural megalopolis. Methodology and methods. Sociological study of the problem is based on the methodological principles of community approach, rests upon the theory of resource dependence, human capital, elite. The authors used empirical data obtained using the methods of the analysis of documents, biographies, expert interviews. Results and conclusions. In the article educational communities of universities are defined as key partners of the megacity management, able to get in the development and implementation of its development strategy. The authors revealed four main social roles of University communities, localized in space of the metropolis expert participation and control, investigation of the problems of the city, an educational consulting and educational services, reproduction of the urban elite. the results of a study of the opportunities and challenges of implementing these social roles of scientific-pedagogical, administrative and student communities, institutions of higher education were presented. The results of the study provide a contribution in a larger study of the development of the educational communities of the metropolis in terms of social uncertainty. In practical terms, they can be used to make recommendations for optimizing the interaction between educational communities with other urban communities: programs for development of inter-institutional relationships between education, governance, business at the level of municipality. Scientific novelty. In the article the authors introduced experience of studying urban strategic partnership through the prism of community approach. The made an absolutely new attempt to develop «a role formula» of the educational values and developing communities of universities in cooperation with local authorities.