Barazgova E.S.

Purpose: study of the values of labor and leisure in historical evolution. Methodology and methods: application of the comparative method in the axiological analysis of attitudes towards work and leisure and the method of secondary analysis of sociological data in the analysis of various types of attitudes towards labor and leisure. Results: revealed a tendency to erase the rigid boundaries between the areas of work and leisure in the lifestyle of a modern person; the determining influence of the value factor in the person’s attitude to work and leisure is substantiated; identified various types of value orientations of work and leisure in the minds of modern Russians. The conclusion is made about the formation in the conditions of modern production of a single work / leisure activity system reflecting the current hierarchy of individual values. Scientific novelty: suggested the author's definition of leisure; identified four types of value orientations that determine the attitude of Russians to work and leisure “workaholic”, “traditionalist”, “hedonist”, “creative”.

Relevance. The urgency of considering domestic theories of local self-government in the second half of the nineteenth century in 2017 is, in our opinion, the following: at present, many characteristics of the local government that were formed during the pre-revolutionary period of Russia's development until 1917 are preserved; a modern assessment of the depth and sufficiency of the argumentation of opponents' positions on the discussion we are considering seems to be important in the light of the situation in the local self-government; revealing the stages of evolution in the doctrine of the foundations of local government in pre-revolutionary Russia can be a way of diagnosing the role of modern theories in the process under investigation. Perpose. The purpose of the article in the proposed context will be to identify the stages of evolution in the theoretical notions of local self-government in domestic science and implemented in pre-revolutionary law. Scientific novelty. In the article there are elements of novelty: consideration of the evolution of the theories of local government in two hypostases hypostasis of the theories and hypostasis of the conceptual bases of legal documents; highlight the stages of the evolution of domestic theories of local government in the second half of the XIX century.

Purpose. The solution of a sociocultural problem, social adaptation of faces with restrictions on health, by occupations adaptive sports. Methods. The analysis of various statistical data on questions of development and distribution of adaptive sport in the Russian Federation is carried out. Forecasts of social consequences of distribution of adaptive sport in Russia are presented in article. Results. The most popular sports among physically disabled people for health reasons are revealed, the obtained data can form the basis of developments of further development and improvement of adaptive sport. The role of adaptive sport is revealed and recommendations for creation corresponding conditions for occupation adaptive sport are made. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty consists in definition of social space of adaptive sport on the basis of which it is possible to develop plans for further development of adaptive sport in the Russian Federation, to use the corresponding tools and mechanisms for creation of the favorable environment for occupations adaptive sport in these or those regions of the country.

Purpose. To study mass sports as a tool to overcome crisis in modern sport. Methods. Key reasons of the modern sport crisis are analyzed, mass sport is characterized as an element of the sport system. The research is based on the principles of institutional and neo-institutional approaches. Results. The research reveals features distinguishing mass sports from physical training, professional sports, high performance sports and leisure activities. Identification of mass sports as a separate element of the sport system in Russia is due to our historical peculiarities. The mass sports agents’ practice is interpreted in terms of rational choice theory. Scientific novelty. Mass sport is defined as sub-institution in relation to the social institution of sports, specific features of its functioning are considered.