Utionkov Gennady N.

The article examines the factors that have a significant impact on the energy security of Russia, examines the current state of the fuel and energy complex (FEC), highlights its main problems, examines the role and place of the Russian fuel and energy complex in the global energy balance, analyzes external and internal threats and methods of state management to ensure energy security in the economic crisis. The article emphasizes that ’energy security” becomes a socio-ideological, political and economic dimension that has a dominant influence on the development of production, social and economic processes. In this context, world energy security is considered as the protection of the economy of countries and regions of the world from threats of energy scarcity. Factors that have a significant impact on the competitiveness of the state’s economy are not only the scale of energy consumption, but also the current state of technology and scientific achievements in this area. The article emphasizes that an important step in strengthening Russia’s energy security was the adoption of the strategy for the development of the petrochemical industry of the Russian Federation until 2025, as well as the adoption by the Board of Directors of GPN on November 23, 2018 of the company’s development strategy until 2030. As part of the implementation of the first Strategy, it is planned to actively invest, expand infrastructure, and ease tax and customs policies for 15 years for organizations implementing major projects in the industry. These measures will make it possible to introduce ’’clear rules of the game” in the industry and will allow you to get a positive effect for the entire national economy of the country in the future. Purpose. The study of the dynamics of the fuel and energy complex (FEC), the role and place of the Russian fuel and energy complex in the global energy balance, the analysis of external and internal threats and methods of public administration of energy security in the economic crisis. Methods. The article considers and analyzes the dynamics and prospects for the development of the Russian fuel and energy sector in the period from 2000 to 2030. The role of public administration in this period is evaluated. The situation of the industry during the financial and economic crisis and methods of public administration in this period are studied in detail. Results. Based on the research, the author concludes that there is a need for a systematic national approach to the development of the fuel and energy sector adopting long-term strategic programs for the development of the industry. Scientific novelty. This article provided the first generalized political and technological analysis and evaluation of problems, the steps and prospects of development of energy in Russia’s recent history and instruments of its regulation by public authorities.

Purpose. Study of the dynamics of mechanical engineering development of in modern Russia in general and heavy engineering in particular in the context of the financial and economic crisis. Methods. The author examines and analyses the dynamics of heavy machinery in Russia in three key stages: 1991-2000; 2001-2010; 2011 our time; evaluates the role of public administration in this period. The industry position is studied in detail during the global financial and economic crisis and the methods of state regulation in the period. Results. On the basis of the study the author concludes that the need for a systematic approach to the development of the machine building industry in general and heavy engineering in particular with the adoption of long-term strategic programs of the industry development. Scientific novelty. This article for the first time provides a generalized political and technological analysis and assessment of the development of heavy machinery in the newest history of Russia and its instruments for regulation by the public authorities.

Purpose. To study factors seriously affecting energy security of Russia in economic crisis. Methods. The current state of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of Russia is considered, its main problems are highlighted, the role and place of Russia's FEC in the global energy balance are identified, external and internal threats and methods of public management of energy security in conditions of financial-economic crisis are analyzed. Results. On the basis of the research conclusions are made about the need for an integrated approach to Russia's energy security management, including synchronization of the CIS and the EU energy systems, carrying out structural and technological modernization of the economy, state support for technical re-equipment of the oil industry and the use of energy efficient technologies as the framework for ensuring energy security of the country. Scientific novelty. This article is the first to provide comprehensive analysis of political and technological threats to energy security of Russia and to give practical recommendations on its ensurance, such as, for example, technical re-equipment of the Russian drilling rigs to avoid the so-called "drill crisis" in the coming 3-5 years, and tools to control it by state authorities.