Makhmudova M.M.

The attraction of foreign capital to the economic system is an urgent task for the authorities at various levels. In conditions when the state is not able to finance all spheres of the economic system, and the population spends more and more money on consumption due to inflationary processes in the economy, foreign investment plays a significant role in maintaining economic growth as the basis for raising the standard of living of the population. The purpose of the study is to determine the resource of growth of the efficiency of the functioning of foreign capital in the national economy. The article describes the economic essence of investments, their role in the development of the economy. The main concepts and approaches to determining the effectiveness of investment processes in macroeconomics are presented. The work analyzes statistical data for the period from 2014–2016. on the dynamics and structure of foreign direct investment in the Russian economy, as the most sought after and effective for the recipient country. The peculiarities of regional and branch aspects of the application of foreign investments in the Russian economy are revealed. Methods and methodology: in the course of the study, the authors used general scientific methods: on the basis of scientific abstraction, direct foreign investments were made in the national economy; In addition, the method of expert assessments, the method of data comparison, was used; through the graphic interpretation of data and the method of grouping them, describes the dynamics and structure of the main indicators characterizing the current trends in the receipt and distribution of foreign capital in the Russian economy. The theoretical and practical significance of this work lies in the possibility of using the results of the presented study to substantiate the perspective directions of the development of Russia’s investment policy and in substantiating the main methods and tools for attracting foreign capital, and creating a favorable investment climate in all regions of the country. The scientific novelty of the research is to identify and study the specifics of the sectoral and regional aspects of the application of foreign capital in the Russian economy to develop effective measures to increase the investment attractiveness of the state for foreign investors. Based on the analysis of the main statistical indicators characterizing the functioning of foreign capital in the Russian economy, the authors formulated conclusions on current trends in the investment attractiveness of Russian regions and sectors of the national economy.

The relevance of the research issue is in deteriorating current economic situation on the Russian labor market and the corresponding unemployment growth in the country. The aim of the research is to identify the efficiency growth resource of the regional labor market in complicated economic conditions. The research work features the analysis of the current state of employment problem of the oil-producing region of Russia. Trends in the employed and unemployed population change in the region under macroeconomic instability are described. Methods and methodology. In the course of research the author employed scientific methods (abstraction, analysis, synthesis), the method of expert assessment, data matching method etc. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research is in identification and studying regional specifics of structure transformation and working population distribution of the Tyumen region under economic crisis with the aim of developing and implementing efficient programs to provide employment in the regions of the Urals Federal District. Results. Basing on the analysis of the main statistical indicators, characterizing the present state of the regional labor market, the author formulates conclusions about the current employment trends in the Tyumen region and identifies perspective trends for further transformations of the regional labor market.

Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify promising directions for increasing efficiency of management of labor migration in the Russian labor market. This paper presents an overview of the features of the regional and sectoral differentiation in the use of migrants’ labor; to describe the specificity of distribution of labor migrants according to their countries of origin and to identify differences in attracting labor migrants’ households and domestic entrepreneurs. Methods and methodology. The article used such methods as retrospective analysis, data mapping method, scientific abstraction. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty of the research is to identify and examine modern features of distribution and use of migrant labor in the domestic labor market in conditions of economic instability to formulate and implement effective programs to manage migration flows in the Russian economy. Results. Based on analysis of regional and sectoral differentiation of the employment of foreign labor in the Russian practice, the author concludes about realization of mainstream-targeted migration policies, adequate to the new conditions of business.

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to identify the prospective directions for increasing efficiency of investment activity of economic entities of the Sverdlovsk region under the conditions of macroeconomic instability. The article provides an overview of indicators of dynamics and sectoral structure of capital-forming investment of enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region. The current specifics of changes in financing sources of investment activity of enterprises are featured. Methods and methodology. Scientific methods (scientific abstraction, retrospective analysis, method of data comparison) have been used in the course of research. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in identification and studying the regional peculiarities of investment activity of economic entities of the Sverdlovsk region under economic crisis in order to develop and implement efficient programs of support and implementation of the investment potential of enterprises of the Ural Federal District. Results. On the basis of the conducted analysis of dynamics and structural changes of investment activity of enterprises in the region, the author formulated a conclusion about the transformation of modern management system of investment activities of enterprises.

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to determine the resource of efficiency improvement of the formation of wages level in Chelyabinsk region in the crisis period. The article gives an overview of indicators of changes in the purchasing power of wages of residents of the region under tough economic conditions. Sectoral differentiation of nominal wages level at the enterprises of the region is described. Development of a favorable current trend of stabilization of income and well-being level of the region residents is revealed. Methods and methodology. In the course of the research the author used general scientific methods: based on scientific abstraction a retrospective analysis of main indicators of the dynamics of nominal and real wages in the Chelyabinsk region is carried out; in addition, the method of expert estimation, the method of comparing data were used; through the graphical interpretation of data and the method of their grouping the dynamics of the main indicators is described characterizing the current trends and sectoral specifics of changes in wages level at the enterprises of the region. Scientific novelty. The novelty of the research is in identifying and studying the regional differentiation of wages level in Chelyabinsk region in the conditions of economic crisis in order to develop and implement efficient programs to support adequate living standards of the population in the regions of the Urals Federal District. Results. Based on the analysis of the main statistical indicators characterizing the dynamics of wages level in the region the author formulated a conclusion about the development of the favorable trend of stabilization of wages and strengthening of material well-being of the population in the region.

Purpose. Purpose of the research is to determine the efficiency growth resource of small business enterprises activity in the regions of the Ural federal area. In the article, the author describes the dynamics of small business development indices in the regions in the Ural federal area. The author analyses activity indices of small entrepreneurial structures, their branch peculiarities. The author considers peculiarities of investing and business activity of small entrepreneurial structures in the regions of the area and forms of their support. Methods and methodology. In the research, the author used general scientific methods: on the basis of abstracting the author conducted a retrospective analysis of basic indices of small business dynamics in the Ural federal area; besides, the author used an expert evaluation analysis, data comparison analysis; using graphical interpretation of data and the method of their grouping the author described dynamics and structure of basic indices characterizing modern development and functioning trends of small entrepreneurial sector in regional economy. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty of the research is to identify and study peculiarities of small business activity in the Ural federal area for the development of essential measures to support small business subjects in the regions. Based on the conducted analysis of basic statistical data characterizing small business activity, the author formulated conclusions on modern trends of business and investing activity of small business in the regions of the Ural Federal area, identified perspective directions of regional support of small business subjects.

Purpose. To determine the resource of effi ciency growth of functioning of social infrastructure institutions of Tyumen region. Methods and methodology. Retrospective analysis of basic indices of the social infrastructure conditions of Tyumen region; expert evaluation method; data comparison method; graphical method; method of data grouping. Results and the sphere of application. In the article, the author introduced a statistical data analysis for 2010– 2013 on the conditions of social regional structure. In particular, the author describes dynamics of providing population with accommodations, medical treatment: the author researches education services availability, services of cultural-leisure organizations for the residents of the region. In the article, the author considers dynamics of developing structures of public catering and trade spheres. Based on the conducted analysis the author made conclusions on the modern state of social infrastructure state of Tyumen region. Theoretical and practical importance of the research is in ability to use the results of the given research for substantiation of promising directions of social infrastructure development in Tyumen region and substantiation of the main methods and instruments of formation of regional policy on provision of social-spiritual and material-domestic services for people living in that area.

Purpose: To study modern features of migration flows in the Tyumen region. Methods and methodology: retrospective analysis of the main indicators of the dynamics of migration processes in the Tyumen region; expert evaluation method; method of comparing data; graphic method; method of data grouping. Results and scope of application: The article provides an overview of the basic quantitative and qualitative characteristics of migration in the Tyumen region. It consideres the ration of citizens’ arrival and departure in the region and their main directions. The dynamics of labor migration indicators in the Tyumen region is described and the priority fields for immigrant labour in the region are identified.