Professional and labor socialization of youth in a reformed society

Abstract

Significance. Modernization of the national economy and its integration into the world economic system through innovative development requires the effective use of human capital and strengthening of professional and labor socialization of young people. Underestimation of labor education of young people has led to a severe shortage of qualified personnel, especially for the mining industry. In these conditions, the search for an effective model of professional and labor socialization of young people becomes particularly relevant. The purpose of the research is to determine the directions of professional and labor socialization of the individual in the conditions of transformation of the Russian society based on the analysis of existing approaches in scientific knowledge. Research methodology and methods. The methodological basis is system analysis, activity approach, and historical method. Methods of analysis and comparison of existing concepts of socialization are used to identify the evolution and dynamics of the development of principles, to determine the ways and means of professional and labor socialization in society. Coverage of studies. Problems of personality socialization in sociology have been studied since the end of the XIX century. Initially, researchers understood socialization as the process of personal development and formation (F. Giddings, E. Durkheim, G. Tard, G. Simmel, etc.). The development of the theory of socialization is reflected in the research papers of the Russian psychologists and teachers, primarily A. S. Makarenko, V. A. Sukhomlinsky, K. D. Ushinsky, A.V. Mudrik, I. S. Kon, S. T. Shatsky, L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, G. M. Andreeva, Yu. M. Zabrodina, and others. The study revealed the contradictory economic and socio-cultural factors of professional labor socialization of young people, problems of choice of profession and professional self-determination of youth. Contradictions of socialization in connection and unity with professional self-determination of the individual, stages and ways of professional and labor socialization of the individual in the modern reformed Russian society are considered. The scientific novelty of the article consists, first, in the fact that professional and labor socialization of young people is considered taking into account the needs of the labor market, as well as specificities of individuals: the problem is to determine the balance of market needs and personal preferences. Secondly, the author reveals the features and ways of professional and labor socialization of young people focused on mining professions, where these problems are particularly acute due to the shortage of labor resources. The main conclusion is that we need a balanced and harmonious combination of specific abilities and social needs in career guidance of young people, taking into account the dynamics of the technological revolution and peculiarities of the Russian society being transformed.