Need-semantic factors of a persons attitude to work

Abstract

The introduction of applied psychology into a broad industrial and social practice is reasonably required, since any effective work with people, especially management, is impossible independently of certain psychological facts, patterns and mechanisms. Homo ergaster is not just a participant, but also a crucial component of any production process. The modern management doctrine of “human relations” assumes, in particular, a systematic study and consideration of the subjective attitude of a person to the work, which is one of the most important components of the entire mental image of the employee. This experienced, meaningful attitude is formed under the influence of an integral system of factors (objective and subjective, social and technological) and largely determines the success and reliability of the employee, the viability and stability of any organization or enterprise as a whole. Because of an empirical psychological study of a group of mid-level executives (350 people), reliable links were established between a persons subjective attitude to work and their leading sociogenic needs: achievement, cognition, dominance, and affiliation. The higher and more diverse the individual’s need potential, the more positive his attitude to work is. Significant correlations of the attitude to work with the subjective assessment of its organization, with the possibility of promotion, and with overall life satisfaction were identified. Qualitative differences of subjective meanings of attitude to work, dominance and other psychological parameters in the minds of respondents -executives: men and women are indicated. “Female” psychology seems more plastic and protected. The special, socially aggravated significance of morals as professionally necessary psychological features of the executive of any level is emphasized.