HOW TO REDUCE THE COST FOR RIVER CARGO TRANSPORTATION

Abstract

Subject. Resource-saving technologies of the operation of river vessels in the organization of cargo transportation. Purpose. Analysis of operating costs of shipping companies, as well as development of recommendations aimed at reducing them. Materials and methods. The methodological basis was the theory and practice of assessing the efficiency of the organization of the transportation process, the economic theory, the results of research by domestic and foreign scientists, the materials of scientific and practical conferences and research projects, the experience of the exploitation of trains, and the theory and experience of operating propellers and internal combustion engines. Methods of economic analysis, economic and mathematical methods of justifying optimal solutions, elements of probability theory and mathematical statistics were used. Results and scope. Movement of trains on one working engine leads to a decrease in operating costs for the fleet, and, consequently, the cost of transportation by 5–12 % due to fuel economy. Reduction of ship repair costs is possible due to the introduction of new materials and advanced technologies. Thus, the use of plasma spraying to the screw-nozzle assembly contributes to saving costs for repairing the DRC by prolonging its service life by 2–3 times at a very low cost of restoration. At the same time, the fuel consumption of the main engines of ships is reduced, due to the reduction of the torque consumed by the propulsor and the speed of the composition increases, which in turn leads to a reduction in operating costs of up to 13 %. Scientific novelty. The scientific approaches to the economic evaluation of the resource-saving work of ships in the organization of freight traffic and ship repair are substantiated, an algorithm for reducing the cost of cargo transportation is proposed. As a result of the analysis, the following directions of decrease in operating costs for river cargo transportations are determined: rationale for rational operating modes of ship engines and the movement of tugs of pushers with typical compositions in order to save fuel consumption; reduction of ship repair costs due to the introduction of new materials and advanced technologies.