Kachanova Elena A.

The coronavirus epidemic, which spread rapidly in the world at the beginning of 2020, led to a sharp halt in economic growth in most countries. The forced restriction of economic and social activity led to a radical reduction in final demand, which affected the economic interests of most enterprises, especially in the field of small businesses, often focused on direct contact with the final consumer. Given that small businesses operating in the service sector complete the development of a modern lifestyle, and often form a significant part of GDP, the governments of countries faced the issue of the optimal set of fiscal instruments to stimulate it. In this paper, the author attempts to accumulate current experience in implementing anti-crisis support measures for small businesses against the background of understanding the importance of small business for the economy and formulate conclusions about the relevance of the tax and budget initiatives of the government of the Russian Federation in this context. Using the methods of statistical, graphical and comparative analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that the measures implemented in Russia today have a significant potential that allows them to be implemented not only during the confrontation with the economic consequences of the epidemic, but also at the subsequent stage of economic recovery.

The publication is devoted to the analysis of key factors of development and successful implementation of projects initiated by the staff of state (municipal) institutions of education, health, culture. Based on comparative analysis and examples of best practices of project implementation, the authors justify the requirements for the success of the project cycle and the effectiveness of their implementation in subordinate institutions. Purpose. Identification and evaluation of obstacles and success factors in the implementation of projects initiated by state (municipal) social institutions. Methods. The study is based: on the results of focus groups conducted in 2011-2018 among the heads of the institutions of health, education and culture of the Ural Federal District (Sverdlovsk, Tyumen regions, KhMAD-Yugra, YNAO) in the framework of the Federal program "Senior executives training in education, health and culture sectors" at venue of the Ural Institute of Management branch RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation; based on the proceedings of the foresight session, arranged by the higher school of public administration at RANEPA in February 2019; based on the results of an expert interview with the heads of the regional office (Sverdlovsk region) of project management. Results and practical significance. Trends in the development and implementation of pilot projects in the activities of state (municipal) institutions of the social sphere in the context of implementation of project management standards in public administration are revealed. The reasons that have a negative impact on the initiation, development and implementation of projects of state (municipal) institutions that provide socially significant services are formulated. The success implementation factors of pilot projects of social institutions as the basic components of ensuring their activities and development in order to increase the quality and availability of state (municipal) services for consumers are substantiated. Scientific novelty. Under the auspices of monitoring the implementation of the regional pilot projects in the social sphere the authors developed and tested an organizational and managerial mechanism for project management of subordinate agencies and defined problem areas and factors contributing to successful implementation and scaling projects in education, health, culture.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize the main theoretical approaches to the functions of state regulation of health care as a sector of the economy; the allocation of new functions of state regulation of health care. Methods of research. In the work the authors used the general methods used in the economy (analysis, synthesis, synthesis) on the basis of the description of the functions of state healthcare regulation. Results. The authors analyzed and summarized the existing functions of state regulation of the economy and the health sector, formulated new modern functions of state regulation of public health. Scientific novelty. The scientific-theoretical novelty lies in the systematization and development of theoretical positions in the study of the functions of state healthcare regulation. Scientific novelty consists in allocation of modern functions of state regulation by public health services.

Purpose. Research and systematization of the theoretical foundations and classical approaches to the economic crisis in the history of economic thought for the development of modern crisis management for the set of commercial banks in Russia. Methods. Historical approach is used: narrative method, comparative method, structural method; formal logic method. Results. In this paper, the author considered and systematized the views existing in schools of economic thought on the nature of crisis phenomena in the economy on the example of the economic thought of the Marxian economics, the Neoclassical economics, the Austrian School, the Institutional economics, the Keynesian economics, the Monetary economics and the Post-Keynesian economics. The Post-Keynesian approach allocated such type of agent as a set of traditional banks. The role of the central bank is therefore seen as supporting government efforts to stabilise the economy by creating a stable, low-interest financial environment for investment planning. The authors ' conclusions allow to increase the relevance of research and development of rehabilitation models for the set of commercial banks. The rehabilitation mechanism should be a general work of the regulator and the banking sector. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the author's reasons of the crisis in the banking sector, which are based on the conceptualization of the ideas that underlie by the Schools of economic thought. The idea of early detection of the instability and support of the sector to a situation where the Bank has only two ways: revocation of the license or rehabilitation.

Purpose. The study is aimed at developing an algorithm for setting up risk management in the project management system of a large industrial enterprise. Methods. The main methods used are general methods and methods of empirical research. Results. The author considers modern approaches to the formation of risk management steps in the work of domestic and foreign researchers, analyzes current risk management algorithms at enterprises with the aim of developing an algorithm for setting up risk management in the project management system of a large industrial enterprise. Scientific novelty. The author suggests an algorithm for setting risk management in the project management system of a large industrial enterprise.

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to develop scientific and methodical recommendations and practical measures on structuring the budget process in the face of limited financial resources by analyzing fiscal sustainability of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, to identify current problems of the budget execution. Methods. In the research, the authors used the methods of sociological research, statistical, comparative, content and planning-factual analysis. Results. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the structure and trends of the implementation of the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation on the basis of budgetary reporting for the last two years; defined the problems of formation and execution of the budget of the region and to propose practical recommendations for public legal entities of the Russian Federation on implementation of the budgetary authority in the face of limited financial resources. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty and originality consists in the development of theoretical and methodological approach to the use of indicators of fiscal sustainability within the context of limited financial resources.

Purpose. The publication considers real situation in the field of practical experience of organizing profitable (entrepreneurial) activities in the secondary education institutions of different legal types in the conditions of the second stage of the reform of the public sector of the Russian economy. Methods and scientific novelty. As the analytical framework of the research comparative data on the subjects of the Russian Federation within the Ural Federal District is used allowing the authors to identify the trends of the legal regulation of entrepreneurship of the subordinate institutions in a local territory. Results. Particular attention is paid to the problems of financial and managerial hindering of the efficient development of entrepreneurship at schools, and to recommendations for the optimization of the mechanism for providing additional paid services.

The thorough analysis of the problems of implementation of budgetary policy at the municipal level and the wording of directions of the improvement of mechanisms of implementation of state policy in the sphere of regulation of public finance and intergovernmental relations. Thanks to detailed analysis of the budget of city district Nizhnyaya Salda (primarily, the total income and expenditure, interbudgetary transfers, municipal debt) and the analysis of socio-economic needs of the municipality defined the basic problems of formation and realization of the budgetary policy of the local authorities. Study of expert reviews and use socio-economic planning and forecasting led to the elaboration of the directions of modernization of local government activity in the sphere of budgetary policy. Own practical experience of the author allowed to offer the use of the principles of management in the state and municipal government. Scientific novelty consists in a substantiation of the problem of the delimitation of powers in the sphere of the state budgetary policy between the bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation and bodies of local self-government, reflected, first of all, insufficient financing of municipalities for the implementation of the main goals and objectives of this policy. As the decision of arising problems synthesis of traditional mechanisms of state management and use of best business practices through which guarantees satisfaction of socially important needs of the population.