Kapoguzov Evgenii A.

Introduction. This article presents a systematic review of academic literature and characterizes the instruments of state support for industrial sectors in China. The aim of the article is to identify the instruments of China's current industrial policy based on the literature review and to analyze the possibilities of applying them in Russia’s industrial policy to ensure technological sovereignty. The objectives include analyzing relevant literature, identifying significant features of China’s industrial policy, and assessing the possibilities and limitations of applying Chinese experience in Russia.

Materials and Methods. The research methodology includes comparative analysis and synthesis of scientific studies according to international PRISMA guidelines. The analysis compares methodologies and results of researches of state support tools in China based on extensive literature in Russian, English, and Chinese. Particular attention is paid to comparing the positions formulated by Aghion et al. and Bickenbach et al., both regarding the analysis of instruments applied in China and the international context of their use. The information base consists of academic publications on the research topic.

Results. Application of Chinese state support instruments in Russia is possible but requires adaptation to national conditions. The most  popular applicable instruments are tariff policy, reduced-rate lending, export subsidies, and currency regulation.

Discussion. For effective import substitution and growth of non-commodity exports it is necessary to expand hidden subsidies, reduce industrial enterprises’ costs via preferential resource tariffs, develop reduced-rate lending and state export support. It is also important to develop state industrial holdings capable of supporting strategic sectors and creating internal demand for domestic innovations.

 

The study is aimed at description of income groups of family households in Russia in order to determine groups and risk factors, including the risk of deprivation poverty. The basic premise of the study is the presence of the influence of various factors (including economic ones) on reproductive and marital behavior in various households. The study of these factors will make it possible to update the family policy aimed at fighting poverty and institutional strengthening of traditional family values for various categories of households. In particular, the article discusses the dilemma of the state family policy, which consists in the growth of the birth rate, on the one hand, and in the need to combat poverty, on the other.

On the basis of the information from EMISS and the Federal Treasury, the parameters of the effectiveness of family policy in Russia were identified and evaluated. Then, based on the materials of the Russian monitoring of the economic situation and health of the population in 2019, the study singled out categories of households in the context of income groups and also compared them in terms of the ratio of income to the minimum subsistence level (absolute poverty) and their perception of their own level of well-being (subjective poverty).

The scientific novelty of the study lies in determining the influence of poverty factors on the formation of families and childbearing in the structure of Russian households. Besides, the research provides description of economic mechanisms of family policy with an emphasis on fertility and poverty alleviation in the context of the “traditional” and Beckerian families. Кecommendations are proposed in the field of family policy that take into account the specifics of Russian regions.

The purpose of the study is to determine the mechanisms of interaction of urban communities in the formation of Smart City by assessing the level of development of internal urban subsystems on a territorial basis, taking into account the processes of segregation. The study is based on the analysis of scientific discourse about Smart City, institutional analysis of the legal framework for the development of “smart cities” in the Russian Federation, as well as data from an expert survey of representatives of territorial public self-government committees in Omsk city. Having studied the world experience of building “smart cities”, the author noted the priority importance of the internal environment in the development of the city, which includes social and institutional foundations for generating and implementing innovations. The problems that arise because of the low readiness of urban communities for Smart City technology solutions are noted, including the hypothesis of the impact of digitalization on the strengthening of spatial segregation. Based on the materials of Omsk city, a classification of the mechanisms of interaction of urban communities in the formation of Smart City was developed. It is determined that in the city of Omsk there is a significant segregation of the territory according to the level of development of elements of the urban environment. The scientific novelty consists in identifying additional grounds for segregation of the urban environment based on the dichotomy of the concepts of “digital city” and “smart city”. The study was supported by the RFBR (project 18-311-00210 “Sociolinguistic analysis of urbanistic discourse of urban communities (by the example of Omsk city)”).