Ambarova Polina A.

The article examines the adaptation of Russian students in the context of the transformation of higher edu- cation through the prism of management decisions in universities concerning the optimization of the adap- tation process in all its main areas. The urgency of the problem is due to the insufficient readiness of a sig- nificant part of the undergraduate students to study at universities, especially regional ones. The problem of the study is the discrepancy between the adaptation needs of students and the possibilities of their imple- mentation in the conditions of transformation of higher education.

The task of the university administration is to determine the factors of successful adaptation of students and justify the need to develop its comprehensive program. This task acts as the main one in the justification of management decisions regarding the features and methods of adaptation at the university. A number of methodological and disciplinary approaches were used as a theoretical framework for the study of students' adaptation. Among the first are community-based, resource-based, activity-based (based on practice-ori- ented and project-based) approaches, among the second are sociological, psychological, pedagogical ap- proaches. All these approaches are aimed at understanding the conception of adaptation of university stu- dents to their university life and its theoretical, empirical, and practical use, as well as at finding and sub- stantiating managerial solutions to adaptation problems.

The empirical basis of the article was the results of a Russian study conducted in May-July 2022. The general population includes 1st and 2nd year students enrolled in bachelor's and full-time specialty pro- grams in various trainingareas. The total volume of the sample is 15,902 people, the maximum sampling error did not exceed 1%.

The main research results are: analysis and ways to optimize the adaptation of students to educational, scientific, project activities, as well as the justification of programs for managing the adaptation of students through curatorship, tutoring, student and scientific and pedagogical mentoring, the elaboration of the eth- ical code of the university.

The article deals with the problem of the relationship between the labor market and the “silver” education of the social community of people of the “third age”. The article shows the relevance of this problem in the context of pension reform and the crisis development of the region caused by the pandemic and global economic shocks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems, trends and opportunities for the development of the “silver” education system in the Sverdlovsk region in its relationship with the regional labor market. As a starting point, the assessments of this problem and ways to solve it by representatives of authorities and employers were taken.The empirical basis of the article is the results of a sociological study conducted by the authors in 2019-2020 in the Sverdlovsk region using a mix strategy. The article reveals the main results of the study. The article describes the current status of the “silver” labor market in the region. The main provisions of the public policy in the interests of older people are revealed. Its reactive nature, which contributes little to the development of both the “silver” labor market and the “silver” education, is argued. The article shows the contradictory attitude of employers to age-related employees and their training practices. The conditions for intensive involvement of employers in solving the problems of “silver” education in the region are revealed.The authors conclude that the region has not yet created the basis for the development of “silver” education, which could become an element of the system of continuing education in the Sverdlovsk region. Another conclusion is that the population of the “third age” in the conditions of a deep economic crisis, reinforced by the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, may find itself in a very contradictory state - to become either an active labor and social resource, or to become a heavy burden for society. Government and business representatives should make a significant contribution to this issue, expanding the labor market for the older generation and creating new opportunities for the development of “silver” education.

Purpose. The study of youth’s trust in the policy of municipal authorities and its consideration as a resource of city management and social capital of city community. Methods. The study is based on the concept of urban lifestyle L. Wirth, including provisions on moral interactions of subjects of urban life, theories of trust N. Luman and F. Fukuyama, allowing to treat it as social capital. The article is based on the materials of sociological research of cases of medium and large cities of the Ural Federal District. Demographic statistics, statistical data on educational organizations, normative documents, content of city web sites and forums were studied. Results. The tendency of decrease of trust of youth to city management as response to lack of due attention to pressing problems of young citizens is revealed. It is established that the causes of youth migration are two key problems: the unresolved issue of employment of a significant part of young people and the lack of conditions for higher education. The reaction of different groups of local communities to the passivity of the city authorities in the field of youth problems is shown. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of the relationship between trust capital and city policy aimed at meeting the basic needs of young people. Financing. The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Science, project № 18-011-00158 «Trust as a fundamental problem of Russian higher education».

Social roles and importance of educational communities of higher academic institutions in collaboration with the key actors of urban strategic partnership. Purpose. The goal is a meaningful definition of the role and capacity of the educational communities of higher education institutions in Yekaterinburg as participants in a strategic partnership in managing the development of the Ural megalopolis. Methodology and methods. Sociological study of the problem is based on the methodological principles of community approach, rests upon the theory of resource dependence, human capital, elite. The authors used empirical data obtained using the methods of the analysis of documents, biographies, expert interviews. Results and conclusions. In the article educational communities of universities are defined as key partners of the megacity management, able to get in the development and implementation of its development strategy. The authors revealed four main social roles of University communities, localized in space of the metropolis expert participation and control, investigation of the problems of the city, an educational consulting and educational services, reproduction of the urban elite. the results of a study of the opportunities and challenges of implementing these social roles of scientific-pedagogical, administrative and student communities, institutions of higher education were presented. The results of the study provide a contribution in a larger study of the development of the educational communities of the metropolis in terms of social uncertainty. In practical terms, they can be used to make recommendations for optimizing the interaction between educational communities with other urban communities: programs for development of inter-institutional relationships between education, governance, business at the level of municipality. Scientific novelty. In the article the authors introduced experience of studying urban strategic partnership through the prism of community approach. The made an absolutely new attempt to develop «a role formula» of the educational values and developing communities of universities in cooperation with local authorities.