Petrova Tatiana E.

Introduction. The labor potential of modern student youth is presented as a process of developing the knowledge, skills, experience, and motivation necessary for successful employment among young people. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that contribute to the formation and development of the labor potential of young people, which are directly correlated with the demand in the labor market.

Materials and methods. The results of a survey of young Russians conducted in 2025 by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VTsIOM) on the employment prospects of young people; an analysis of the job and staff search service «Zarplata.ru»; and an author's online survey on «Safety Culture in the Student Environment» conducted in February-March 2025 among students (n=476) studying at universities in the Central and Volga Federal Districts.

Results. A feature of the youth segment of the labor market today is the involvement in the informal sector, the spread of individual entrepreneurship and self-employment (including the use of digital platforms), the accelerated introduction of flexible forms of work, primarily remote employment. The current trends in the labor market that are significant for young people have been identified: an increase in demand for young professionals lacking work experience; the widespread use of remote and mixed (hybrid) forms of work and study; and the transition of telework, outsourcing, and outstaffing from non-standard forms to standard forms. Superprofessional skills (soft skills) are an even more significant factor for an employer when considering a candidate for a vacancy than his special professional skills (hard skills). Such qualities as teamwork, communication skills, learning ability, adaptability, and empathy have a decisive impact on career growth.

Discussion. There has been a change in the motivations of students to combine their studies with work: previously, the main motivation was financial difficulties, but today, this combination is driven by the desire for professional development and building a career track. It is promising to further study the employer's readiness to develop flexible forms of employment and to prioritize the assessment of an employee's potential rather than their experience. In response to the demands of the labor market, it is important for the university community to find ways to integrate the development of non-professional skills into educational programs, fostering students' readiness for continuous learning and self-development.

The urgency of sociological analysis of such phenomena as charitable work and volunteering activities is determined by the need to comprehend and interpret the processes of institutionalization of the civil society activities under the conditions of uncertainty and instability due to COVID - 19 pandemic. Certain experience has been obtained that made it possible to consolidate resources and mobilize civic movements activists to solve the problems caused by the epidemic threat.

The paper describes and analyzes the regulatory framework that ensures and stimulates development of charitable work and volunteering activities. Besides, it evaluates the results of the supporting measures of civil activities provided by the state. Based on comparative analysis, the genesis of the legislation in the sphere of charitable work and volunteering activities is revealed. The stages in legislation development have been singled out according to the efficiency of stimulation function of these legislative acts.

The original conception of the areas for development in charitable work is presented. Along with the charitable work, volunteering activities are paid attention to; the paper analyzes a new trend in volunteering known as corporate and intellectual volunteering. These forms of volunteering have not been properly studied yet and they require further study.

The following methods have been used in this work: analysis, synthesis, induction and  deduction and the method of document analysis. The empirical basis of this research contains sociological studies  conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Foundation, the Centre for Studies of Civil Society and the Nonprofit Sector of the National Research University Higher School of Economics and the Russian Public Opinion Research Centre.

As a result, the main obstacles in implementation of the state’s supporting measures of charity have been identified. The international experience of the state support of nonprofit organizations has been analyzed. New areas for development of volunteering activities in Russia have been singled out, including corporate and intellectual volunteering. Besides, the paper determines the main goals of corporate volun- teering, evaluates the scope of corporate volunteering in the Russian companies, identifies the advantages for the companies that implement charity programs and analyzes the process of institutionalization of intellectual and corporate volunteering.

Purpose. The main factor underlying the national policy is the culture of interethnic communication. Today, the role of youth in the society is not only the performance of social and professional roles and functions in a given society, the preservation of socially approved norms in their behavior, their creative attitude to themselves and the surrounding social and natural environment, but also in the active transformation of existing models, values and installations. In this regard, attention should be paid to the identity of young people, which "... manifests itself in the youth consciousness in the form of orientation toward actions of a certain orientation, in the intensity of social activity, in the degree of willingness to accept and fulfill young people's social roles and civic duties, and realizing its potential in the interests of the country "[1, p. 79]. It is the younger generation in the transforming society that is the source of new objective changes, a translator of values and behaviors that are passed on from generation to generation. Scientific novelty and results. The analysis of the results of the author's comparative sociological study made it possible to identify similarities and differences in the established traditions of the formation of a culture of interethnic communication in the student environment in the Russian, Belarusian and Polish education systems, which undoubtedly points to the specifics of the phenomena under study and allows us to conclude that it is necessary to raise the level of culture of interethnic levels in the student environment.