Akyulov Robert I.

The article examines the nature and scale of the impact of illegal migration, which is part of the shadow economy, on the economic security of the country; it substantiates the thesis that the scope and degree of illegal migration affects the economy of the regions. The level of illegal migration is not decreasing. Moreover, there are difficulties both in defining this concept and in the legal assessment of these processes, because of inclusion in this concept of internal labor migration associated with shadow employment. The illegitimate nature of illegal migration is caused not only by its connection with shadow employment and tax evasion, but also with its influence on the growth of corrupt circulation of money and other material resources, fraud and other types of crimes. The concept of “illegal migration” is studied in detail, the author offers interpretations both in a broad and a narrow sense. The concept of “residents of the shadow economy” is proposed.

An increasing part of the economically active population is involved in illegal activities that are not controlled by the state. These are people employed part-time or full-time in the shadow sector of the economy. The subject of this study is illegal migration and informal economic activity, both of labor migrants and the residents, which contributes to the increase in the scale of the shadow economy and the growth of its negative impact on the economic security of Russian regions. This paper presents a typology of illegal migration, shadow economic activity, and indicates the degree and nature of its impact on the security of regions and the country. The article analyzes the reasons for the progressive growth of the shadow economy and its accompanying phenomena. It studies the emergence and development of new economically active groups, new types of economic activities and profitable spheres that bring no income to the state, but form and increase the turnover of capital without the control of the state. The research evaluates new types of economic activity in the social and labor sphere, and considers the likelihood of an increase in the shadow sector due to the entry of new economic entities into it. Besides, it develops a system of measures to prevent the increase of illegal migration and the development of the shadow economy and to reduce their impact on national security.

Purpose: to analyze the impact of illegal migration on the country’s economy and to develop measures

to reduce its impact and strengthen the national security.

Methods: statistical analysis, content analysis of websites and publications, systematization and generalization of data obtained as a result of research.

Results: the etiology, mechanism and driving factors of illegal migration are analyzed, its dynamics in Russia at the present time are considered, the role of illegal migration in the development of the shadow economy is justified, and a mechanism for minimizing its negative impact on the economy of the host country is developed.

Scientific novelty: a new interpretation of the notion “illegal migration” is given; the concept of “illegal labor” is introduced; the factors contributing to the development of illegal migration and the shadow economy are examined; the measures aimed at reducing illegal migration and improving economic stability are provided.

The article examines the current challenges associated with the increasing intensity of migration processes around the world, including in Russian regions, as well as the decline in the number and share of the economically active population of productive age, which has already led to a shortage of workers and the appearance of about one million vacancies in the country as a whole. For the study of regularities of this situation occurrence and search of possible ways to solve this problem, a study of the current socio-demographic situation was carried out by the example of regions of the Urals Federal district where there is an increase in the share of population over productive age during descent in the share of productive age population and the stabilization of the share of the population younger than productive age that is characterized by demographic aging in all regions of the Ural Federal district, including Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen and Chelyabinsk region, Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous area over the past five years. It is stated that, according to a study by an international audit and consulting company, the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions are among the top ten regions experiencing the greatest shortage of labor resources. The study identifies and clarifies the prerequisites for external immigration, as well as systematizes the factors that affect the development of labor migration, provides methods of economic assessment of labor migration proposed by experts, the use of which de facto confirms that migration is a driver of economic growth of the host territory, whether it is a country or region. Based on the results of the study, the main approaches to improving the regulation of migration processes in the management of regional development were developed and proposed.Purpose: to analyze the impact of migration processes on the economy of the region and develop a set of measures to improve the efficiency of their regulation.Methods: statistical analysis, comparative analysis, content analysis, systematization and generalization of research data.Results: the analyzed socio-demographic situation and migration processes in the regions of the Urals Federal district, prerequisites for development and the mechanism of labour migration as a driver of economic growth, clarified the effects of labour migration on receiving and sending regions and countries.Scientific novelty: the author’s interpretation of the category “migration driver of economic growth” is investigated and proposed, the main directions of increasing the productivity of public management of regional development in the migration and social and labor sphere are developed.

This article examines the complex of problems associated with the development of artificial intelligence and the rapid introduction of these technologies worldwide in the economic sphere. The author considers the concept of "artificial intelligence", analyzes the barriers to the development of the digital economy. It is stated that in economically developed countries, the number of technological process operations carried out by robotic complexes increases annually, freeing up a large number of personnel. The author also considered various Internet sources, scientific and popular books on the problem, because of which the main conclusions on the problem were formulated. The purpose of this article is to analyze the consequences of the widespread introduction of artificial intelligence technologies on the changes in the number of jobs in the labor market, as well as the development of a set of measures to minimize them and solve the problems of employment of the working-age population. Methods: statistical analysis, comparative analysis, content analysis, Internet sources, systematization and generalization of research data obtained by various authors. The results of the work were researched and the author's interpretation of the category "artificial intelligence" was given. The article analyses the socio-economic situation in some developed countries, resulting from the automation of production, wide use of robotics, conclusions about the need for preventive measures to minimize the negative effects of the proliferation of artificial intelligence technologies in various spheres of employment of the working-age population. Scientific novelty: the concept of "artificial intelligence" is clarified, a set of measures aimed at solving socio-economic problems arising in connection with structural changes in the labor market due to the growing use of artificial intelligence technologies in the economy is developed and proposed.

The article analyzes the investment activity of the RF entities and its direct correlation with the regional debt liability growth rate. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of the regional investment climate development on the effective debt policy of a RF entity. Methods. The comparative and statistical analysis method has been used in the research. Regions with the most and the least developed investment environment have been sampled for comparison, and a direct correlation has been made with the debt liability increase rates of these regions over 2010-2017 period.

Purpose. To determine the investment activity as a key factor affecting the relationship between the revenue and expenses of the regional budgets and possibilities of its use it to reduce the debt burden on the budgets of the regions. Methods. Statistical comparative analysis, content analysis of Internet Web sites. Results. In the article the problems of socio-economic development of regions, associated by the rise of their debt securities were considered and the factors influencing them were researched. The analysis of statistical data distinguishing the investment activity in Russian regions, with regions-leaders and regions-outsiders according to this indicator. Scientific novelty. The authors clarified the notion "investment activity in the region", considered not only as a process, but also as a tool to manage the financial and economic situation in the region, analyzed the nature of the impact of investment activity on the size of the debt in the region, offered a complex of modern forms and methods of control for improving debt policy of the region.

Purpose. The aim of the research is to analyze the advantages and problems connected with the use of municipal order for the economic development of territories and to justify its wider use in solving problems of socio-economic development of cities. Methods. In the paper such methods as statistical analysis, content analysis of websites are used. Results. The research reveals the need to develop innovative forms of development, methods of municipal economy regulation, including municipal order, which allows to not only minimize the costs of municipal budgets, but also to develop business activity, competitive environment, to involve more businesses and consequently, to contribute to investment attractiveness growth and economic development of the territory. The article analyzes the problems and prospects of using municipal orders for the Russian urban economy development. The statistical data characterizing the development of small business in certain Russian cities is analyzed. Scientific novelty. The “municipal order” notion is specified, the activities of private small businesses and their participation in the system of municipal orders are characterized, the arguments in favor of improving modern forms and methods of the territorial economy development management and regulating legal framework are given, a set of measures for the further development and wider implementation of municipal order in Russian cities is provided.

Creating a complex of ideas to increase free economic zones efficiency for the development of the regional economy, increase employment and reduce migration outflow from the regions of Eastern Siberia. Methods. The author uses statistical and comparative methods. Results. The study revealed positive influence of tourist-recreational free economic zones functioning on the development of the Irkutsk region. Comparative analysis of socio-economic indicators showed that the use of free economic zones promotes the development of entrepreneurial activity, investment attraction, tourism development, increase of employment of the region. The author identified problems in the development of tourist-recreational zones and proposed measures to improve the operation efficiency for regional economic development.

Hypothesis. In this study, the main hypothesis is the proposition that the development of small business in the Russian regions requires the use of advanced, modern tools and methods of state regulation of the economy and business, such as public-private partnership, the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs. Purpose Evaluation of entrepreneurial activity in the regions on an example of Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions, analysis of factors affecting small business, and development of the system of measures to enhance entrepreneurial activity with the use of modern tools of government economic sphere of the region. Methods. The paper used methods such as statistical analysis, content analysis of scientific literature, websites. Results. The paper deals with the problems of small business development in the regions, major cities, explored obstacles to this development. The author presents characteristics of economic indicators, employment in small business in the Russian regions, as well as shows the experience of economically developed countries in the use of public-private partnership in economic development and entrepreneurship. Scientific novelty. The article discusses the concept of «private-public, private-municipal partnership», analyzes the nature of the cooperation of private companies and the state, municipal organizations, substantiates the need for the adoption of the federal law on public-private partnership, certain provisions of the public-private partnerships at the municipal level, as well as improving the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs, suggests a set of measures for the further development of small business in the Russian regions.

In this study, the main hypothesis supports the proposition that for the development of social services in conditions of economic instability, it is necessary to introduce advanced forms and methods of cooperation between the State and business to implement joint projects in economically developed countries most widely public-private partnership (PPP). Purpose. Analysis of factors conducive to the most successful realization of projects in the social sector in the framework of public private partnership in developed countries and in Russia and the development of a set of measures to promote public-private partnership in the Russian regions. Methods. The method of content analysis of scientific literature, Internet Web sites, statistical analysis. Results. In the article the problems of formation of the Institute of public-private partnership in the Russian regions, major cities, explored the factors hindering the development of public-private partnership mechanism. The characteristic of the situation on the use of PPP in a number of Russian regions and major cities, as well as provides an experience of economically developed countries in the implementation of PPP projects in various fields. Scientific novelty. Clarified the notion of «public-private partnership», analysed the legal framework of PPP, supplemented by a number of arguments in favour of the adoption of the Federal law on public-private partnership, Proposed a set of measures for the further development of public-private partnership in the Russian regions and major cities.

Purpose. To analyze social, economic security of the Russian regions and to develop a set of public measures to improve it. Methods. Content-analysis of scientific literature, websites, periodicals on the issues of national and economic security, statistical analysis of indicators characterizing economic, demographical and social status of the Russian regions. Results. The article considers the concepts of "economic security" and "social security", specifies the concept of "socio-economic security" referring to the assessment of the state and the regions, analyzes statistical indicators that reflect the state of the economy, social, labor and demographic sphere and social well-being of the population of the Russian regions, identifying groups of regions with indicators referring to optimal, low and critical levels of socio-economic security. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in studying the problem of comprehensive assessment of the social and economic security of the regions and of the developed system of indicators. Also, the criteria and threshold values, allowing via calculation to assess the level of economic and social security for the government to undertake adjusting public measures, are presented.

Purpose: to study features of social management, possibilities and substantiation of its application in public service. Methods: statistical analysis, content analysis of scientific literature, periodicals on public service issues, use of modern technologies of management in social sphere branches. Results: in the article the author considers features of management application in social sphere suggesting the achievement of both economic and social effect from successful functioning of objects and branches of social sphere on a regional level which is reflected on competitiveness of regions; the author also substantiates the necessity of wider implementation and use of managerial principles in the public service system of social sphere branches. Scientific novelty: the author revealed the goal, main principles, functions of social management, determined its methodological features suggesting the achievement of economic and social effect.

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to identify social, economic and political consequences of economic inequality of the population in Russia and factors encouraging the growth of that inequality. Methods. The data from the Federal service of national statistics, foreign experts and the results of the All-Russian sociological research conducted by the experts of ISEPN RAN (Moscow), ISPI RAN (Moscow) have become an informational basis of the research. Results. The conducted research has proved that the excessive inequality of personal income, high level of poverty associate with indices of economic growth, health of the population, social steadiness. Conclusions. To provide acceleration of social-economic development of the country in the age of globalization and growth of competitiveness on the world markets it is necessary to assure social stability, decrease of economic inequality developing the conditions for income rise of low-income population and improve regulating mechanisms of revenue distribution on part of the state.