ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGICAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

Abstract

The article discusses and analyzes legislative acts that provide methodological support for assessing environmental impacts in Russia and the world. On the basis of comparative analysis, the stages of development of legislative support for environmental impact assessment in Russia and in the world are revealed. The stages of legislation development of development in terms of the effectiveness of these legal acts of environmental protection functions are highlighted. The chronology of legislative changes in the Russian and foreign practice of lawmaking by the selected stages is compared. The assessment of environmental impacts is considered from the point of view of the possibility of justifying environmentally oriented solutions. At the same time, it should be noted that the current Russian legislative characteristic, in contrast to foreign legislative practice, does not require an economic assessment of the consequences that is, ensuring a balance of environmental and economic target criteria for rights. The author's interpretation of the environmental impact assessment, which requires reflection in the perspective of sustainable development of the Russian society in the Russian legislation for its greater greening, is formulated. Recent changes in the approach to financing and ordering an impact assessment in the world and Russia, which have different dynamics, are reflected in many countries of the world, and in particular in the United States, the center of regulation and source of funding for environmental impact assessment is the state, while in Russia today large business corporations. The current problematic situation in the Russian legislation is reflected the lack of proper regulation of documentation and financing of environmental impact assessment and a variant of changes to the legislation based on foreign experience is proposed.