Агропромышленные кластеры как форма инновационного развития отрасли

Abstract

Purpose. Study of the concept of innovative agro-industrial cluster, analysis of its external and internal environment, its elements. Study of the role of the research sector in the development of agro-business, new agro-knowledge and technologies. Methods. Systematization and generalization of conceptual approaches to assessing the role of clusters in the formation of territorial production complexes are carried out; the Concept of 4C is defined: in this connection, the cluster can be considered as a set of 4C: 1) concentration; 2) competition; 3) cooperation; 4) competitiveness. Results. Based on scientifically substantiated approaches and expert assessments, as well as their own conclusions, the necessity of Russia's transition to an innovative way of development is shown. It sets an ambitious task for agriculture to move from “technological degradation” to an innovative method of production. It is the technological and technical backwardness of the country's agro-industrial complex that determines the problem of ensuring its food security. In the new realities, it is possible to ensure an innovative way of agricultural development at the regional and national level only through interregional cooperation, regional specialization and cooperation, and the search for competitive advantages of agricultural enterprises in the regions of the Federation. A new form of spatial organization of production, which has proved itself in developed countries, should become an impetus for the socio-economic development of regions based on new centers of generating competitiveness. In the modern scientific literature, the Institute of cluster production and territorial development is considered particularly promising in terms of increasing the degree of economic stability of Russian regions. One of the main tasks in the formation of agro industrial clusters in the innovation economy is to organize the interaction of a significant number of organizations, including those representing all sectors of science and applied development. New leading agro-industrial cluster needs to have a powerful research sector, including universities (1), public research organization (2), small knowledge-intensive firms (3), big business (4), public authorities (5), financial institutions (6), social agencies (7) etc. This network of organizations, which is based on the principles of socio-economic, innovation and scientific cooperation, will give greater stability in the system of knowledge generation and processes and their diffusion. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that it developed the ideas about the main directions and tasks of modern cluster policy as the main tool for the modernization of agro-industrial complexes of the subjects of the Russian Federation.