Международный опыт оценки результативности и эффективности экологического контроля (надзора)

Abstract

Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of control and oversight activities as a whole and State environmental supervision in particular is an important direction of the reform of public administration in modern Russia. A balanced and adequate system of evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of the State ecological control requires an examination of the international theoretical and practical approaches. Analysis of international experience in this area is presented in this article. Methods. In the analysis the author classified the indicators used in the practical activities of foreign authorities in assessing the impact and effectiveness of the State environmental monitoring, analysed the possibilities of using these parameters in the conditions of implementation of risk-based approaches to control and surveillance activities, identified the advantages and disadvantages of indicators used in the research. Results and novelty. Based on the analysis of the foreign practice of the impact and effectiveness of State environmental supervision assessment the author formulated requirements for the formation of a similar evaluation system in the Russian Federation.The author substantiated the necessity of refraining from the use of indicators, focused on the number of disclosed violations in favor of evaluating the damage prevented because of control and oversight activities, reduction of the cost of managing subjects related to supervisory activities; stressed the importance of the simultaneous use of both direct results indicators of activity of bodies of State control and final effects of their activities related to the improvement of the environment. An important aspect of the development of systems for the assessment of the impact and effectiveness of environmental supervision is to ensure the independence of the information sources used, as from monitoring bodies and the economic entity.