Management of migration processes in the russian federation and the eu: a comparative analysis

Abstract

Purpose. To analyze the labor market in the leading foreign countries. To analyze the situation on the Russian labor market. To analyze and compare the situation in the labor markets of developed countries and Russia. Identify the similarities and difference between the problems of the labor market in Russia and in the labor market of the leading European countries. Consider the experience of European countries on regulation of external migration, and identify common feature of migration management in these countries and in Russia. To determine the possibility of using the positive experiences in the field of migration policy of the Russian economy on the example of some European countries to take into account the negative experience of these countries in the field of migration policy in order to avoid the negative trends in the Russian economy. Methods. Based on statistical analysis author analyzed the dynamics of indicators of the Russian labor market and its structural elements, as well as comparative analysis of these indicators on the example of European countries. Author described the causes of the need for external migration in Russia and in some of the major foreign countries. Comparative analysis was used as one of the main methods. Author set up cause-and-effect relationship between the decline in the birth rate have been established, a decrease in the population of working age, the aging of the population in Russia and in European countries and the need for new external labor migrants. The principle of universal connection helped reveal that the problem of external migration is interrelated with various aspects of economic, political, spiritual, moral, legal and other aspects of the life of society and should be investigated comprehensively. Scientific novelty. The author proposes to adjust the vector of Russian migration strategy and offers his view on the external migration management based on the experience of the leading countries of the world, taking into account the peculiarity of the current situation in Russia, taking into account internal and external factors affecting the country. Interdisciplinary approach has been proposed in the preparation of comprehensive migration policy programs. Migration policies should combine both the public and the regional interests. Results. The analysis in the field of attracting foreign migrant policy of the European countries has allowed to find out that Western countries have accumulated quite a good experience in this matter. Some of the programs that have a positive result in Europe is already being used in Russia. Not all the elements of the Migration Policy of the leading European countries with the need to attract additional manpower, suitable for Russia. Some of these elements need to be adjusted on the basis of internal and external factors that have a different effect on the Russian economy. Systematic and comprehensive approach in the field of migration policy will allow Russia to avoid the negative consequences of this issue.