Arzhanukhin S.V.

Purpose. To determine method of converting competence approach declared in higher education in a real instrument of market development. Methodology and Methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis of the American and British schools of competences study and generalization of the results of observation of the competence approach implementation progress in modern Russian higher education. Results and practical significance. 4. The authors diagnosed the effects of organizational conflict in the modern educational activity, when educational standards were adopted to perform universities before professional standards appeared. As a result «efficiency» and «success» as the attribute specifications of competencies of formed educational programs were only declared due to the lack of institutionalization of appropriate indicators and metrics in real practice and the market. 5. Institutionalization of competence is determined by the national character and features of the placement of the state national priorities in the development of science, technology and culture. National interests define the impulse of forming the respective competences in educational programs. National interests can determine the formation of competencies that can be unique and not be converted into other national competency system. 6. The authors proposed a general management plan for the conflict situation that has developed in higher education in the implementation of the competence approach. Scientific novelty. The article reveals the dialectic of professional and official, professional and personal competencies in the process of institutionalization. The authors argue the need to define competencies that form the educational program, taking into account the competencies, which are presented in the relevant professional standards, and those priorities which are set by national interests.

Purpose. Analysis of happiness as a social resource which is formed together with post-industrial society in the new social entity workers of knowledge. Methods. Using an extrapolation method the author analyzed the possibility of applying happiness index in municipal government of post-industrial society. Results and practical importance. Happiness is considered as a sociological term which means status and resource of social entity. Depersonification of happiness allows to increase the measure of management by local post-industrial society. Scientific novelty. Development of happiness criteria of social groups which are the basis of social structure of local society can bring to reconsideration of municipal government basics and give new evaluation of its economic efficiency and social effectiveness.